性侵害犯與暴力犯之自尊、焦慮、憂鬱及敵意的研究

Self-esteem, Anxiety, Depression, and Hostility in Sexual Offenders and Violent Offenders

蔡宗晃(Tsung-Huang Tsai) ； 林瑞欽(Rueih-Chin Lin) ； 朱秀琴(Hsiu-Ching Chu) ； 黃介良(Chieh-Liang Huang) ； 黃瑞芬(Juei-Fen Huang)

《台灣精神醫學》 22卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 26-36

https://doi.org/10.29478/TJP.200803.0004

摘要

本研究旨在探討性侵害犯及暴力犯的個人屬性、自尊、焦慮、及憂鬱與未犯罪者之差異。研究對象以性侵害犯195人、暴力犯250人及一般民眾82人施以情境－特質焦慮量表、貝克憂鬱量表及自尊量表作為研究工具。研究結果：暴力犯及性侵害犯以20~40歲居多，其中暴力犯佔64.5%，性侵害犯佔72.8%。暴力犯在整體自尊顯著低於一般民眾與性侵害犯；性侵害犯尤其在自我價值之自尊更高於暴力犯。而焦慮程度又以暴力犯最高、其次性侵害犯，一般民眾最低。暴力犯與一般性侵害犯在憂鬱程度較一般民眾高，且多集中在輕度憂鬱以上。教育程度、婚姻狀態、暴力前科、年齡、攻擊性、罪惡感、易怒、憂鬱總分、狀態焦慮、自尊總分、自我情緒等11項變項能正確區分出71.5%的一般民眾組、暴力犯組及性侵害犯組，具有相當理想的區別效力。值得注意的是暴力犯與性侵害犯具有較高之焦慮與憂鬱，對其矯治方案須考量此二者的處理。

關鍵字

性侵害犯 ； 暴力犯 ； 自尊 ； 情緒因子

並列摘要

Objection: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of individual attribution, self-esteem, anxiety, hostility and depression among sex offenders and violent offenders. Method: In this study, we selected 195 sex offenders from the Taiwan Taichung Prison and 250 violent offenders from the Taiwan Tainan Prison. In addition, we used a random sample of 82 healthy males who lived in the Dalin township as control subjects. The assessment tools used included ”Culture Free Self-Esteem Inventory”, ”Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory”, ”State-Trait Anxiety Inventory”, and ”The Beck Depression Inventory”. Results: Many of the violent offenders and sex offenders were from 20 through 40 years old. Among them, 64.5% were violent offenders and 72.8% sex offenders. The violent offenders had lower self-esteem levels. The sex offenders had higher self-value than the violent offenders. The violent offenders showed high anxiety under stress. The state-anxiety levels of the sex offenders were between the violent offenders and control subjects. The violent offenders had higher trait-anxiety characteristics than the sex offenders and control subjects. The depression levels of the violent offenders and sex offenders were greater than mild depression levels. By exploring the relationships of the 11 variables such as education, violent criminal record, age, assault record, guilt, resentment, depression, state-anxiety, self-esteem and self-emotion scale we could accurately discriminate 71.5% of the violent offenders and sex offenders from the control subjects. Conclusion: Sex offenders and violent offenders are high anxiety and depression levels. By administering therapy, we have helped clients to explore the consequences of affective factors and self-esteem.

並列關鍵字

sex offender ； violent offender ； self-esteem ； affective factor

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