胡麻不同採收期對農藝性狀及sesamin和sesamolin含量之影響

Changes of the Sesame Seeds on Agronomic Characters, Sesamin and Sesamolin Contents in Different Harvesting Times

許竣傑(Chun-Chieh Hsu) ； 劉景平(Ching-Ping Liu)

《嘉大農林學報》 9卷2期 (2012/08) Pp. 74-91

https://doi.org/10.29891/JAFNCU.201208.0005

摘要

胡麻種子含有豐富木酚素（Iignan）及其他抗氧化劑成份如維生素E等，而木酚素中的sesamin和sesamolin更具有降低血中膽固醇、促進肝脂肪酸分解、強化肝臟機能等功用。本試驗將胡麻台南一號從開花後30天起每5天採收一次，春作共採收七次，秋作共採收五次，以探討種子所含之sesamin及sesamolin含量是否受採收期之影響。春作研究結果顯示，株高在第一次採收（5/13，開花後30天）時最低，而後隨著採收期的延後而增加，在接近第四次採收（5/28，開花後的45天）時大幅提升。成熟種子數及成熟種子重則明顯的隨著採收期的延後而提升，成熟種子數比例及成熟種子重比例在第一次到第三次採收（5/23，開花後40天）時會大幅的隨採收時間延後而增加。千粒重的部分僅在第一次採收時較低，之後則無顯著差異。Sesamin和sesamolin含量在前期是隨採收時間延長而增加，在第五次採收（6/2，開花後50天）時達最大值，之後則有小幅度的降低。秋作研究結果顯示，株高、成熟種子數、未熟種子數、成熟種子比例、成熟種子重、未熟種子重及千粒重皆會隨著採收時間延長而顯著增加。Sesamin和sesamolin含量隨採收時間延長而增加會在第三次採收（12/8，開花後40天）時達到最大值，第四次採收（12/13，開花後的45天）以後略為減少。

關鍵字

胡麻 ； 木酚素 ； 芝麻素 ； 芝麻林素 ； 採收期

並列摘要

Sesame seeds contain rich lignans and other antioxidant ingredients such as vitamin E. Two kinds of lignans, sesamin and sesamolin, can reduce blood cholesterol, promote hepatic fatty acid catabolism and strengthen the function of liver. In this study, sesame cultivar Tainan No.1 (TN 1) was harvested once every five days after flowering 30 days. To investigate the sesamin and sesamolin contents of the seeds contained in the harvesting period, spring crop was harvested seven times and fall crop was harvested five times. The results were summarized as follows. In spring crop, plant height was the lowest in the first harvesting, May 13. The height increased gradually along with the later harvesting. On May 28, the plant reached the highest in the fourth harvesting. The number and weight of mature seeds increased obviously along with the later harvesting. The ratio of the number and weight of mature seeds increased significantly along with the later of harvesting, too, from the duration of the first harvesting to the third harvesting. The thousand grain weight was a little lower in the first harvesting. There was no significant difference afterwards. The contents of sesamin and sesamolin in the preceding collection periods increased along with the later harvesting. On June 2, the contents reached the maximum in the fifth harvesting and then decreased slightly afterwards. In fall crop, plant height, numbers of mature seeds, numbers of immature seeds, ratios of mature seeds, weights of mature seeds, weights of immature seeds and the thousand grain weights increased obviously along with the later harvesting. On Dec8, the contents of sesamin and sesamolin increased along with the later harvesting and reached the maximum in the third harvesting. On Dec 13, the contents decreased slightly afterwards in the fourth harvesting.

並列關鍵字

Sesame ； Lignan ； Sesamin ； Sesamolin ； Harvest time