不等蛋白質含量及同代謝能飼糧對日本鵪鶉消化器官及腸道發育之影響

Effects of different protein levels and isocaloric diets on the development of digestive organs and intestinal tract in Japanese quail

陳楷勳(Kai-Sing Chen) ； 陳盈豪(Yieng-How Chen) ； 陳政文(Zheng-Wen Chen) ； 林炳宏(Ping-Hung Lin)

《嘉大農林學報》 17卷2期 (2020/09) Pp. 49-58

摘要

本試驗之目的係探討不等蛋白質含量及同代謝能飼糧對日本鵪鶉消化器官及腸道發育之影響。使用11月齡日本鵪鶉，分成三個處理組，鵪鶉分別餵飼等熱能（3,000 kcal／kg）不同粗蛋白質含量（CP:22、24及26%）之飼糧。採用籠飼，每處理96隻關於3籠，每籠有32隻，每處理組2重複。試驗期間為5週，於試驗結束後，每個處理組每籠逢機取鵪鶉體重相近者6隻，共屠宰72隻，鵪鶉採頸靜脈放血犧牲，並取出其肝臟、胰臟、腺胃、砂囊、小腸、盲腸與結直腸稱量重量及長度。結果顯示，各處理組鵪鶉之胰臟、腺胃、砂囊、小腸與結直腸之相對重量均無顯著差異。但肝臟相對重量，以含22%蛋白質飼糧處理組最高，並且與含24%及26%蛋白質飼糧處理組有顯著差異（P＜0.05）。鵪鶉盲腸相對重量，以含24%蛋白質飼糧處理組最低，並且與含22%蛋白質飼糧處理組有顯著差異（P＜0.05）。飼糧蛋白質含量對日本鵪鶉盲腸與結直腸相對長度無顯著的差異；然而鵪鶉採食含26%蛋白質飼糧處理組之小腸相對長度有較短之趨勢（P＜0.1）。綜合上述結果，提高鵪鶉飼糧蛋白質含量從22%至26%並不會增長鵪鶉盲腸及結直腸之長度，但肝臟相對重量隨飼糧蛋白質含量之增加而呈線性下降。從小腸相對長度考量，飼糧以含22%粗蛋白質可能較有利於日本鵪鶉腸道之發育。

關鍵字

飼糧蛋白質 ； 日本鵪鶉 ； 胃腸道

並列摘要

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different protein levels and isocaloric diets on the development of digestive organs and intestinal tract tract in Japanese quail. Eleven-month-old Japanese quail was used and divided into three treatment groups. The bird was fed with different dietary crude protein levels (CP: 22, 24, and 26%) and isocaloric (metabolizable energy; 3,000kcal/kg). Ninety-six birds per treatment were allotted to 3 cages and 32 birds in each cage, 2 replicates in a treatment group. The trial was lasted for 5 weeks. At end of the trial, 6 birds of similar weight per cage were sampled from each treatment group. A total of 72 quails were sacrificed. The quail was sacrificed by jugular vein bleeding, and its liver, pancreas, proventriculus, gizzard, small intestine, ceca and colon and rectum were removed. The digestive organs and intestinal tract weight and length were measured. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the relative weight of pancreas, proventriculus, gizzard, small intestine, ceca and colon and rectum of quail in each treatment group. However, the relative weight of the liver was highest in the 22% dietary protein treatment and significantly different from the 24% and 26% dietary protein treatment (P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant diff erence in dietary protein levels between the relative length of the ceca and colon and rectum in Japanese quail. Nevertheless, the relative length of the small intestine of the quail fed diet containing 26% protein had a shorter trend than other treatments (P ＜ 0.1). In conclusion, increasing the dietary protein levels from 22% to 26% does not increase the length of the ceca, and colon and rectum in Japanese quail, but the relative weight of the liver decreases linearly with the increase in the protein content of the diet. On the basis of relative length of the small intestine, it suggested that the diet containing 22% protein may be more conducive to the development of the intestine in the Japanese quail.

並列關鍵字

Dietary protein ； Japanese quail ； Intestinal tract