磷肥施用量對水耕小白菜化學成分之影響

Studies on the Effect of Phosphate Fertilization upon the Chemical Composition of Hydrocultured Small Pai-Tsai (Brassica chinensis)

劉慧瑛(Huey-Ing Liu) ； 黃菊美(Chu-Mei Huang) ； 張庚鵬(Geng-Preng Chang) ； 朱戩良(Chien-Liang Chu)

《土壤與環境》 1卷3期 (1998/09) Pp. 237-248

https://doi.org/10.30058/SE.199809.0006

摘要

探討水耕栽培營養液中不同磷肥施用量0、5、10、20、40、80、160ppm-P對小白菜生育品質及化學組成分之影響。株重以40ppm-P標準施磷量為最高，80ppm略低，其次為20ppm，施磷量在10ppm以下或160ppm以上時，小白菜產量明顯減少。以鮮重為計算基礎，無論是葉身或葉柄，其磷含量大致上會隨著磷肥施用量增加而增加。施磷量若少於10ppm-P或大於80ppm-P時，葉柄佔全株重量比會愈形減少，即外觀葉柄較葉身為小；植株抗壞血酸、可溶固形物、不溶固形物、滴定酸度、灰分及鎂、硫、鐵、硼等元素含量則會隨著低施磷量的減少與高施磷量的增加而增加。磷肥不足或過剩之小白菜株重、單株葉數及單株重雖然相近，但磷肥過剩時植體內有異常高的磷、鈉、錳、銅（葉身）等元素；而缺磷肥之植體則含有較高的乾物重、抗壞血酸、可溶固形物、可滴定酸度、水溶性醣、鉀、鈣、硼及胺基態氮含量。

關鍵字

小白菜 ； 磷肥 ； 水耕 ； 化學成分

並列摘要

Effect of different phosphate nutrient concentration (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80,160ppm-P) of water-culture medium on the quality and chemical compositions of small Pai-tsai(Brassica chinensis) had been discussed. At the 40ppm-P, the plant weights were highest, then the 80ppm-P and the 20ppm-P treatmento, The P treatment lower than 10pprn-P and the 160ppm-P treatment had less plant yield. The Pconcentration of both fresh leaf blade and petiole were increased with the phosphate concentrations. If the medium PO4-P less than 10ppm or more than 80ppm the weight ratio of petiole were decreased. The ascorbic acid, total soluble solids, water insoluble solid, titratable acidity. ash, Mg, S, Fe and Boron contents (in fresh weight basis) of the up-land part of plant were decreased both in the lowest and highest P treatment. Both in P deficient and P excess medium, plants grew worse. There were more P, Na, Mn and Cu (in blade) contents in the 160ppm-P treated plants, but more ascorbic acid, soluble solid, acidity, water soluble carbohydrate, K, Ca, B, amino-nitrogen and dry matter in the Phosphate deficient plant.

並列關鍵字

Small pai-tsai(Brassica chinensis) ； Phosphorus fertilization ； hydro culture ； chemical composition