農業廢棄物（稻桿及椰殼）炭化後之結構鑑定

Structural Characterization of Carbonized Agricultural Wastes (Rice Straw and Coconut Shell)

張容蓉(Rung-Rung Chang) ； 王尚禮(Shan-Li Wang) ； 陳仁炫(Jen-Hshuan Chen) ； 鄒裕民(Yu-Min Tzou)

《土壤與環境》 9卷1&2期 (2006/06) Pp. 9-18

https://doi.org/10.30058/SE.200606.0002

摘要

本試驗選擇台灣常見的農業廢棄物－稻桿及熱帶作物椰殼，將其生料經不同溫度的處理後，藉以製備成炭化物，探討炭化時間及炭化溫度對於這兩種物質結構變化的影響。各炭化樣品以傅利葉轉換紅外光譜儀（FT－IR）、固態核磁共振光譜（（上標 13）C－NMR）、及熱示差分析質譜儀（TGA－MS）鑑定其結構受溫度的變化情形。結果顯示，TGA－MS檢測各溫度處理時的樣品，所釋放氣體中以CxHy及水為主。當炭化溫度為300℃，炭化時間（一小時及六小時）對於稻桿及椰殼的表面官能基鍵結影響不大，但與生料的FT－IR結果差異極大，顯示稻桿及椰殼生料經300℃處理後，其表面的一些低分子含碳物質會揮散損失，且速度相當快，故炭化處理時間不會影響炭化物表面的性質。當溫度再增加至700℃時，稻桿及椰殼表面轉變為含高碳的物質，亦即高溫下僅剩下一些含矽的氧化物或芳香性的官能基，如：C－C鍵結，而此結果亦可由（上標 13）C－NMR得到印證。

關鍵字

炭化物 ； 稻桿 ； 椰殼

並列摘要

The influences of carbonizing temperature and time on the structures of chars derived from rice straws and coconut shells were evaluated in this study. The carbonized samples were characterized using FT-IR, (superscript 13)C-NMR, TGA-MS techniques. The result of TGA-MS spectrometry showed that small CxHy molecules and water were released during carbonization process . A portion of low molecule weight C-containing compounds were readily volatized at 300℃ within 1 h. Prolonged treatment of the carbonized samples at the same temperature (i.e., at 300℃) may not influence the surface structures. After carbonizing temperature was further increased to 700℃, the samples were converted to high C-containing (aromatic) material.

並列關鍵字

Agricultural wastes ； Coconut shell ； Straw rice