影響中小企業分殖現象因素之研究

The Study of the Factors that Affect Small-and Medium-Sized Enterprises' Proliferation

蔡渭水(Wei-Suei Tsai) ； 楊皓平(Hao-Ping Yang)

《Asia Pacific Management Review》 1卷1期 (1996/06) Pp. 27-42

https://doi.org/10.6126/APMR.1996.1.1.03

摘要

本文從行為面的角度來分析中小企業間形成網路關係的原因。來自於中小企業所處環境的產業特質及中小企業本身的組織特質兩方面的結構性因素，會使中小企業產生分殖現象，使得中小企業不易成長為大型企業，並成為形成中小企業間網路關係的重要因素。中小企業所處產業多具有規模經濟不明顯、進入障礙低、產品異質化與較短的生命週期、技術複雜度低、製程可多段分割及加工出口的生產型態等特質，使得中小企業必須維持其中、小型的組織結構，提供產生企業分殖的基本環境；在組織面來看，合夥經營、彈性經營作為、家族企業與企業家精神等特質，使組織產生自發性的規模抑制現象，成為促使企業分殖的驅力。使企業產生分殖現象的驅力之不同，會形成不同的分殖型態，依企業分殖後的分工關係與互動關係來分析，分殖後的企業間會有「水平－合作式分殖」、「垂直－合作式分殖」與「水平－競爭式分殖」三種類型，前兩種類型直接形成企業間的網路關係，第三種類型則會加劇市場的競爭強度，增加企業加入網路組織的需求，而間接地促使網路關係的建構。

關鍵字

中小企業 ； 網絡關係 ； 分殖

並列摘要

This article analyzed the reasons why Taiwanese small- and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) forms network relationships from behavioral view. Because of structural factors from industrial and organizational characteristics of the SMEs, proliferation can be easily found among the SMEs. So the SMEs remain as SMEs, and the firm size is an important factor of the formulation of the SMEs' network relationships. The industrial characteristics are:insignificant scale economies, low entry barriers, differentiated product and short product life cycle, simple fabrication technique, divisible manufacturing process. and export oriented manufacturing, these characteristics provide a base for proliferation According to organizational view, characteristics like partnership, flexibility in operation, family firm , and entrepreneurship makes an environment of self-repression in scale, thus promote the proliferation Different proliferation type, according to divisional and interactive relationships, can be defined as 'horizontal-cooperant proliferation ,'vertical-cooperant proliferation' and 'horizontal- competitive proliferation'. The first two types will be one of the bases for businesses' network formulation, while, the third one will increase competition drastically, hence, increases the need for business to join in network organization, and accelates the construction and completion of businesses' network indirectly.

並列關鍵字

SMEs ； network relationship ； proliferation