企業應用權力決策模式之探討

A Study of the Application of Power Decision Models to Business Decision

張淑昭(Su-Chao Chang) ； 吳志正(Jyh-Jeng Wu)

《Asia Pacific Management Review》 1卷1期 (1996/06) Pp. 43-61

https://doi.org/10.6126/APMR.1996.1.1.04

摘要

權力決策模式在企業之決策過程中，具有非常大之影響力，而權力擁有者本身之偏好及心理狀態，對整個決策過程亦有影響。尤其在中國式管理中，儒家文化所呈現之企業組織型態，若能將「權力決策模式」加以考慮，則更可釐清管理實務上之一些困惑。本研究當試探討權力決策模式之應用，以臺灣本土企業為例，嘗試將臺灣企業之組織型態與權力決策模式加以分析與歸類，並深入了解權力決策模式之應用程度，將企業之運作加以合理解釋，以更符合中國式管理之實際運作。研究結果顯示，在企業組織之不同型態下，其權力來源，除了「專家權」有顯著不同外，其它權力來源及權力擁有者之報酬並無顯著之差異；而在決策模式上，民營企業中的決策運作模式，大致可分為三種：政治化集群、官僚體制集群及理性選擇集群。就家族企業而言，傾向於政治化集群；一般民營企業則傾向於官僚體制集群；而外資企業由於權責劃分較清楚，因此，其決策模式較傾向於理性選擇集群。在績效之表現上，以理性選擇集群為最佳，但其權力擁有者之報酬較低。

關鍵字

權力 ； 權力決策模式 ； 企業組織型態

並列摘要

Power is a very important factor in decision making process, the power owner's preference will influence the decision process. In Chinese style of management, organizational patterns are shown to be Confucianism oriented. If power decision models could be included in decision process. Some managerial confuse in practice would be more clarified. This Study focuses on exploring the application of power decision models to businesses. By taking Taiwanese local businesses as example, we attempt to analyze their power decision models and to relate these models with the respective organizational patterns. Through understanding the situations of application of respective power decision models, it is expected that the operations of business in Chinese-sty le management can be justified to explain the realities. The findings of this study reveal that for various different organizational patterns, the expertise shows is the only significant difference in term of the source of power. Nevertheless, other power sources and rewards of power ownership do not show any significant differences. There are three kinds of decision models in private businesses: Political Decision Model, Bureaucratic Decision Model, and Rational Decision Model. Our findings show that: the family-owned businesses are more political decision oriented; most private businesses are more bureaucratic decision oriented, and the foreign businesses are rational decision oriented. To sum up, the rational decision model leads to better performance, however, its power owner's rewards is lower.

並列關鍵字

Power ； Power Decision Models ； Organizational Pattern