架構於無線感測網路資料收集系統之設計與實現

Design and Implementation of Data Acquisition System Based on Wireless Sensor Network

孫殿宜(Tien-Yi Sun) ； 蔡孟伸(Men-Shen Tsai)

《臺北科技大學學報》 40卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 1-16

https://doi.org/10.29768/JNTUT.200703.0001

摘要

本研究應用最近新興的無線感測器網路技術，發展一套資料收集系統。透過無線網路的多跳躍(multi-hop)技術，將感測資料傳回個人電腦(Sink)，並於個人電腦上進行資料處理。首先我們利用TinyOS提供的應用程式擴充我們所需要的命令傳送機制，第二步則是將我們所監測到的感測資料利用多跳躍機制送回Sink端，並透過圖形監控軟體繪出所感測到的資料，第三步則是建立命令的傳送機制，我們利用原始節點資料表(Origin-Table)做為判斷依據，在使用者輸入命令且指定目的地節點之後，判別目的端節點是否位於原始節點資料表(Origin-Table)內，若位於資料表內，則進行轉送命令封包的動作，以達到降低感測器耗電量的目標。最後，我們實作一套使用者介面，讓使用者可以輕易的經由此介面做命令傳送與資料接收。
本系統的軟體架構具有擴充性，容易維護，可大幅降低系統整合及後續開發成本。經由模擬結果可以發現，感測的資料可以經過多跳躍路徑回傳，並透過原始節點資料表的判斷是否轉送命令給目的端。本系統之實際驗證均實現在自行開發的Micaz-like實驗板上，並經實際驗證結果發現，雖然在某些情況下資料封包會因為碰撞產生遺失，但感測資料利用多跳躍機制回傳確實可行，具備實用的價值。

關鍵字

無線感測器網路 ； TinyOS ； 多跳躍技術 ； 原始節點資料表

並列摘要

This study uses a novel wireless sensor network technology to develop a data acquisition system. The proposed system uses multi-hop technology for transferring sensor data to a sink station. TinyOS is used to implement the proposed system since it is designed for wireless sensor network applications. There are several examples provided in TinyOS package which explain the usage of the system. In the proposed system, these applications are integrated and improved to for a complete application. First of all, we extend an application in TinyOS which demonstrates the command transmitting to the nodes within the radio range of the sink. The application is modified such that the command can be received by all nodes in the system. Secondly, the sensor data is transmitted to the sink node using multi-hop technique. Thirdly, every node in the proposed system utilizes an OriginTable to keep track of known sensor nodes. This mechanism will reduce the cost of transmission while maintain the reachibility of the command to every node. Finally, a GUI application is developed so that commands can be sent easily. Since the software structure of the proposed system is easy to expand and maintain, it can significantly reduce the effort required for future integration and development.
Simulation results show that the proposed system is capable of transmitting data through multi-hop mechanism while the command can be transmitted to the nodes using OriginTable which is proposed in this paper. The system is actually implemented on Micaz-like platform. The experimental results show that under some circumstances the data packet may lost due to packet collision. The system is capable of transmitting sensor data correctly in most cases.

並列關鍵字

wireless sensor network ； TinyOS ； multi-hop ； OriginTable