半總統制下總統權力與政治表現－以芬蘭和我國為例

President's Power and Political Performance under Semi-presidentialism -To Take Finland and R.O.C. As Examples

施偉仁(Wei-Jen Shih)

《國際論壇》 3期 (2004/07) Pp. 91-106

https://doi.org/10.7072/AJIS.200407.0091

摘要

芬蘭和我國不管在地理環境、政治、經濟、社會的發展上，都有某種程度的相似性，因此吾人可將兩國做一比較。本文分別從芬蘭和我國憲法中對總統權力的規定與實際運作、選舉制度與最近一次大選的結果、行政與立法關係等面向來比較芬蘭和我國的憲政工程，最後則試圖找出我國和芬蘭在政治穩定表現不同之因素並做政策建議。
本文結論歸納出總統權力大、多黨制，以及府會不一致的憲政設計將面臨較多的困難，符合比較政治學的一般共識。唯現階段我國和芬蘭在政治穩定表現不同之因素乃在我國立法院閣揆同意權被取消，造成總統權力過大。

關鍵字

芬蘭 ； 中華民國 ； 半總統制 ； 總統權力 ； 政治表現

並列摘要

There are a lot of similarities about political, economic, and social development between Finland and the Republic of China (R.O.C.), so we can compare them. I exam them from the three dimensions of presidential power, election system, and the relationship between the government and the parliament. Finally, I try to find out the different at political performance factor between Finland and R.O.C., and then do the policy suggestion.
This paper’s conclusion induces the constitutional design includes president's power greatly, multiple party system, and inconsistent between the government and the parliament would will face the more difficulty, match general consensus that compare politics' learns. Currently only the different at political performance factor between Finland and R.O.C. is the agreement power of Legislative Yuan to canceled, causing the president leads greatly.

並列關鍵字

Finland ； Republic of China ； R.O.C. ； semi-presidentialism ； president's power ； political performance