安格氏二級第一分類異常咬合兒童中臉部與下顎形態之研究

台灣地區安格氏二級異常咬合兒童的發生率約在17-29%之間，是矯正門診中很常遇到的病人類型，且通常在混合齒列即表現出異常的顱顏結構表徵。本研究的目的，在評估混合齒列時期，二級第一分類異常咬合兒童與正常咬合兒童之間，中臉部複合體和下顎骨的形態是否有所差異。選用國人9歲5個月到11歲7個月混合齒列的二級異常咬合兒童（未經矯正治療），男、女孩各35位；與性別、年齡相符的正常咬合兒童，男、女孩各35位作為對照組。使用傳統測顱分析法觀察兩組間在中臉部複合體與下顎骨形態上的差異。由本研究的結果得知，整體而言，二級異常咬合兒童的上顎相對於上中臉部是較前突的，主要的尺寸增長發生在後上腭區域，且女孩組的變化量較大；下顎骨方面，由於二級異常咬合兒童的下顎骨總長度較短，因此在下顎前牙區的齒槽骨有往前上方伸展的補償性生長，而二級異常咬合男孩組的下顎枝高度較短。另外，下顎角在二級異常咬合兒童組中的角度較小。

關鍵字

二級第一分類異常咬合；中臉部複合體；下顎；測顱分析法

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the morphology of the midfacial complex and mandible differed in normal occlusion and Angle Class Ⅱ division I malocclusion in Taiwanese children by the use of cephalometric analysis. A total of 140 lateral cephalographs of children with either a normal occlusion or an Angle Class Ⅱdivision 1 malocclusion were compared. Each group in cluded equal numbers of age-and sex-matched samples. The cephalographs were traced and checked, and ten landmarks on the midfacial complex and twelve landmarks on the mandible were identified and digitized. The datasets were subjected to statistical analysis. It is concluded that, in this study, the maxilla was protrusive in the midfacial complex of the Class Ⅱ malocclusion subjects, and the major size-enlarged area was at the posterior horizontal length of the maxilla (MPP-PNS). In the mandible, the total length and gonial angle were reduced in the Class Ⅱmalocclusion subjects, and the anterior alveolar ridge showed the compensative upward and forward extension. Due to these differences, we concluded that the configurations of the midfacial complex and the mandible of the Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion children were different to the normal occlusion configurations.

並列關鍵字

ClassⅡ division 1 malocclusion ； Midfacial complex ； Mandible ； Cephalometric analysis

國際替代計量

安格氏二級第一分類異常咬合兒童中臉部與下顎形態之研究

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