For the fourth generation of Chinese leadership, peace and development is the country's grand strategy, of which economic development is the top priority of national goals. The ”harmonious world” theory is a new diplomatic thought of the grand strategy that is designed to pave the way for building a new world order, The theory has been founded on both realism and constructivism National interests play important role in the leadership's handling of international affairs. Contents of the ”harmonious world” often stem from national interests. The talk of respecting cultures is meant to preserve China's authoritarian rule. The emphasis of constructing multilateral trading system and co-prosperity is in line with China's goal of developing its economy as a priority