- 期刊
運動員成長追蹤在訓練科學之運用
Scientific Application of Monitoring the Physical Growth of Young Athletes
摘要
目的：本研究主要探討運動選手之發育成長，與身高監控方法在訓練實務上的運用。方法：透過長年追蹤運動員身高改變的速率與記錄起伏期的演變，可瞭解其成長階段身體運動機能發展的概況。此方法可以運用在潛力選手的培育時期，鑒別專項訓練介入的最佳時間點，與各項身體素質強化的黃金階段。運動教練每三個月測量站姿與坐姿身高，可鑑別身高成長最大速率，與身高成長高峰出現的時間點。結語與建議：瞭解兒童與青少年選手的成長速率，能有效地掌握其成長階段各項身體素質的最佳塑造時間，例如協調能力、動作控制、速度、柔軟度、肌力、有氧能力、無氧能力等運動能力。在考量競技運動發展與潛力選手的選材策略時，教練或體育發展決策者應依據運動員發育成長的模式，擬定實用的專項運動訓練，以及使分齡競賽的規劃更趨公平。
並列摘要
Purposes: The aim of this study is to monitor the physical growth of young athletes and the practical applications of monitoring the body height of the athletes during physical maturation. Methods: Through years of tracking the rates of body height changes, an understanding can be gained of the peak height velocity curve for youth athletes. This method could be used to identify the peak period for specific training and physical conditioning techniques for talented youth athletes. By measuring standing and sitting height every three months, coaches can monitor the growth rates of child and adolescent athletes and identify the rate and attainment of peak height during maturation. Summary and Suggestions: Reflecting an awareness of the growth rate of child- and adolescent-athletes and its relation to various aspects of physical development, different physical attributes have been carefully controlled across all studied time periods. These attributes include: coordination, motor skills, speed, flexibility, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, and muscle strength. When considering strategies for long-term identification and development of athletic talent, development of practical and individually-tailored training, and judging the fairness of age-appropriate competitions, coaches and policy makers should gauge their decisions on the developmental model considered herein.