桌球選手常見受傷原因與機轉

桌球屬於老少皆宜的運動，對身心健康皆有助益，但對於職業選手而言，運動傷害是選手們追求優秀成績的絆腳石。過去因為運動傷害，而放棄重要賽事，甚至提前終止選手生涯的桌球選手不勝枚舉。換而言之，運動傷害對選手們來說，是殘酷但也是必須面對的課題。由於臺灣桌球運動傷害的文章甚少，本文目的是透過大量文獻蒐集進行篩選，針對常見桌球運動傷害的因素及受傷部位進行闡述，主要從技術、打法與動作的解剖面向加以討論。所得結果指出：桌球選手發生在肩關節、膝關節、腰部及肘關節比例最多，受傷部位會根據個人打法與動作有所差異；造成受傷的因素以過度訓練、動作錯誤、熱身不足、不專注、肌力不足與肌力失衡為主。透過本文的整理，可提供給桌球選手與教練們參考，使運動傷害的發生減少，同時增加選手球齡，也希望對桌球領域能有貢獻。

關鍵字

肩關節；膝關節；腰部；肘關節

並列摘要

Playing table tennis improves the physical and psychological health for people of all ages. However, sports injuries in table tennis are stumbling blocks which professional players encounter when striving for athletic achievement. In numerous cases, injuries have resulted in players foregoing major tournaments or even terminating their table tennis career early. In other words, sports injury can be a cruel experience for players to face. However, there are few articles discussing table tennis injuries in Taiwan. This article examines an extensive body of relevant literature to investigate and elaborate on the specific points of injury and other factors (such players' techniques and the anatomical aspects of movement) related to common table tennis injuries. According to research results, the highest percentage of table tennis injuries occur to players' shoulder joints, knee joints, waist, and elbow joints. Furthermore, the specific location of an injury can reflect differences in personal playing methods and movements. Factors that cause injury may include overtraining, faulty technique, insufficient warm-up, inattentiveness, muscular weakness and muscular imbalance. This research intends to provide a reference for table tennis players and coaches with accurate information that can further reduce the occurrence of sports injuries and extend professional players' prime years.