競技桌球運動體能訓練之探討

Discussion on Physical Fitness Training in Competitive Table Tennis

吳文郁(Wen-Yu Wu)

《淡江體育學刊》 23期 (2020/11) Pp. 25-36

https://doi.org/10.6976/TJPE.202011_(23).0003

摘要

緒論：桌球運動屬於技能主導類隔網對抗性項目，競賽成績很大程度取決於技術水準的發揮及戰術的運用，若缺乏基本的體能及良好身體素質做為後盾，在訓練及比賽過程中仍會面臨到瓶頸及挫敗。體能的提升不只能夠促進選手對專項技術的掌握，同時也能減少運動傷害。過去幾年國際桌球總會進行賽制規則及球具上的重大改革，以增加來回球數並提升競賽精彩度，而選手為增加對戰的競爭性，除精進技戰術外，體能與身體素質的強化更顯重要。本篇綜述性文章旨在探討目前競技桌球運動選手專項體能訓練現況及需求，同時就當前競技桌球選手體能需求與訓練方法提出具體建議，以期能提升體能與技術訓練之成效。方法：以文獻探討方式及訓練實務經驗，進行探討與分析。結果：歸納競技桌球選手專項體能主要包含速度、力量、耐力、敏捷等，並就各專項體能訓練方法進行探討。結論：體能訓練是提高運動能力，提升運動成績，同時避免運動傷害的重要步驟，只要擬訂好方向、步驟及熟悉要領，週全且有計畫性的實施操作，對其技術及各層面發展皆能有所提升。

關鍵字

運動傷害 ； 國際桌球總會 ； 專項體能

並列摘要

Introduction: Table tennis is a skill-based antagonistic net sport. The competition results highly depend on the skill levels and the use of tactics. However, people will face the problem during training and competition if their physical fitness and body constitution are not good enough. To bottlenecks and frustrations. Improving the athlete's muscle quality can not only promote the player's specialized skill, but also reduce the risk of sports injuries. In the past few years, the International Table Tennis Federation has carried out significant reforms of the game rules and equipment to increase the number of rally and enhance the excitement of the game. In order to increase the competitiveness of players, in addition to improving their skills and tactics, strengthening their physical fitness and body constitution is even more important. The main purpose of this review article is discussing the current status and needs of special physical training for table tennis players. And this article also provide concrete suggestions of specific physical fitness requirements and training methods of current competitive table tennis players, expect to improve the effectiveness of physical fitness and technical training. Methods: Analyze with literature discussion methods and training practical experience. Results: The general physical fitness of table tennis players mainly includes specific speed, specific strength, specific endurance, and specific agility, etc., and discusses various specific physical training methods. Conclusion: Physical fitness training is an important step to improve athletic ability, improve athletic performance, and avoid sports injuries. As long as making a good plan, familiar with it and thorough implementation will have improvement at all levels.

並列關鍵字

sport injuries ； international table tennis federation ； specific physical fitness

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