當Carl Rogers遇上了王陽明：心學對人文心理與治療知行合一的啟發

When Carl Rogers Meets Wang Yang-ming：What Can the Humanistic Psychology Learn from the Philosophy of Wang

翁開誠(Kai-Cheng Wong)

《應用心理研究》 23期 (2004/09) Pp. 157-200

摘要

在諮商與心理治療領域中，長期集體性地經驗到的實務、理論與研究之間的分裂痛苦。本文前半以Carl Rogers的一生及他不同階段的三篇文章為例，描述他掙扎、面對與超越過的里程碑。然而，即使在他82歲時發表的文章中，已經很激進地提出他理想中質性的人文心理研究的綱領，仍然留下不夠通徹的遺憾。我在多年摸索後，發覺王陽明的心學卻早已面對並深刻而又落實地超越了此知行二分的問題，並將倫理實踐與知識發現與形而上的存有真理連成一氣，將如今的行動研究不但賦予知識論與方法論的意義，更通向倫理學與形上學的意涵。本文章的後半，我試圖整理說明出我對王陽明心學的體會，並闡述經由心學的啟發，是如何可以化解實務與理論及研究之間的分隔，又如何可以為整個人文心理學，開出一條大道。

關鍵字

人文心理學 ； 儒家心學 ； 行動研究 ； 知行合一 ； 諮商與心理治療

並列摘要

Disconnection among practice, theory, and research has been a long lasting problem in the field of counseling and psychotherapy. As the leading figure in the field, Carl Rogers himself had struggled to face such problems throughout his professional life. In the first half of this paper, I will try to present his struggling process and his achievements by using his three articles published in three different periods of time. Although Rogers had achieved a lot, his work was never completed. Surprisingly, I found Rogers’ unfinished job long solved by a Chinese philosopher, Wang Yang-ming, as early as 500 years ago. In the second half of this paper, I will try to introduce what I have learned from the philosophy of Wang Yang-ming, and how it can contribute to the further developments of modern humanistic psychology.

並列關鍵字

humanistic psychology ； philosophy of Wang Yang-ming ； action research ； qualitative research ； counseling and psychotherapy

參考文獻

王陽明、徐愛編錄(1997)。王陽明傳習錄及大學問。台北:黎明文化公司。

王陽明(1980)。王陽明全集。台北:文友書店。

牟宗三(1968)。心體與性體（一）。台北:正中書局。

牟宗三(1979)。從陸象山到劉蕺山。台北:學生書局。

余英時(1982)。史學與傳統。台北:時報出版公司。