《山經》中山神祭儀探究

Study on Sacrificial Offering of mountain spirit In ''Shan Ching＂

劉千惠(Qian-Hui Liu)

《輔大中研所學刊》 16期 (2006/10) Pp. 87-109

https://doi.org/10.29444/JGICLDFJCU.200610.0005

摘要

在《山海經》的《山經》中，幾乎每一山之末皆記載該山山神的祭祀，從中可以了解《山經》與古代山岳信仰有著密切的關係。然而在《山經》中有關山神的祭祀部分，是否有著一定的規律性？此為一重要的研究課題，故極需釐清其中山岳崇拜所代表的意義。對於《山經》中山神祭儀的研究，歷來有許多文章曾經探討，但卻未有進一步的討論；且對於山神祭祀的意義，也未有更深入的研究。故關於《山經》中山神祭祀及其意義的研究，筆者就山神之等級、祭祀之祠禮、祭祀之意義等三大方面進行討論。在山神之等級一節，又將山神等級歸納為一般山岳、家山、帝山、神山四類。祭紀之中司禮一節，分為供獻制度、樂舞制度、祭祀方法、特殊情況等四方面進行討論。祭祀之意義一節，分為求年祈雨、禳災祈福、溝通人神等三方面探討。經由以上的分析討論，期能對《山經》中山神祭祀及其意義有更深入的了解，並明白《山海經》中對山岳崇拜的信仰。

關鍵字

山海經 ； 山經 ； 祭儀 ； 山神

並列摘要

In ＂Shan Hai Ching＂ ＂ Shan Ching＂ center, nearly each at the end of mountain all records this mountain mountain spirit the sacrificial offering, may understand ＂Shan Ching＂ had close relationship with the ancient times mountain belief. However ＂after center the related mountain spirit sacrificial offering are partial in Mountain＂, whether has the certain regularity? This is an important research topic, therefore extremely needs the significance which the thousandth of a Yuan clear mountain worship represents.Regarding ＂Shan Ching＂ center the mountain spirit sacrificial offering research, always some many articles once discussed; but actually has not had the further discussion; Also regarding mountain spirit sacrificial offering significance, also has not had more thorough research. Therefore about ＂Shan Ching＂ center the mountain spirit sacrificial offering and its the significance research, the author rank of, the sacrificial offering ancestral hall of ritual, the sacrificial offering significance of on the mountain spirit and so on three big aspects carries on the discussion. Rank of in mountain spirit, also mountain spirit rank induction for general mountain, tomb mountain, emperor mountain, god mountain four kinds. Ancestral hall of ritual sacrificial offering, divides into for offers the system, the dancing to music system, the sacrificial offering method, the peculiar circumstance and so on four aspects carries on the discussion. Significance of sacrificial offering, divides into strives for the year to pray for rain, Removes the disaster and prays, links up the person god and so on three aspects to discuss. By way of the above analysis discussion, the time can ＂after center the mountain spirit sacrificial offering and it's the significance has a more thorough understanding to Mountain＂, and understands ＂Shan Hai Ching＂ center to the mountain worship belief.

並列關鍵字

Shan Hai Ching ； Shan Ching ； ceremony ； mountain deity