In the context of education, the common attitude toward competition is usually vague. As a result, it is difficult to make the most out of the competitions and achieve the positive values of competition in education. This study first discussed the issue of competition based on personal motivation of participation and the competitiveness of the environment, to find out the key factors influencing competition in learning. Then, on this basis, this study came up with the key elements to design an environment encouraging positive competitions, including the design to support autonomous learning, rich and effective feedbacks, a suitable degree of difficulty for competitions, and cognitive trainings for participants. Lastly, from the perspective of cultivating gifted and talented students, this study explored how the design of positive competitions can be effective in every stage of developments to help the gifted explore their potentials and utilized their own giftedness.