氣喘學生疾病接受度與生活適應問題相關研究

the Relationship between Asthmatic Students' Acceptance of the Illness and Their Adjustment

賴香如(Hsiang-Ru Lai) ； 黃璟隆(Jing-Long Huang) ； 吳德敏(Der-Ming Wu) ； 余坤煌(Kuen-Huang Yu) ； 吳玉萍(Yu-Ping Wu)

《學校衛生》 39期 (2001/12) Pp. 1-27

摘要

國內學童常見慢性疾病氣喘正快速增加，病童對這種反覆、不定期發作的慢性疾病的接受度如何？是否與生活適應狀況有關？本研究主要目的在探討台灣北區氣喘學生對疾病的看法和生活適應狀況，並分析兩者間的關係。研究立意選取台北市和宜蘭縣六所國小四～六年級學生，以及四所國中一～三年級學生，合計5,105人為對象，利用ISAAC問卷篩檢和護理人員確診等方式找出460位氣喘學生。最後，再採結構式問卷評估其疾病接受度和生活適應情形，實際有447位學生提供資料，回收率達97.2 %。研究主要發現有：1.氣喘學生比率台北市高於宜蘭縣；男生多於女生。2.氣喘學生對疾病的接受度尚佳；男生接受度又比女生好；年級不同疾病接受度不同。3.氣喘學生生理、心理和人際適應間呈正相關，且以人際適應問題最多、生理問題最少；女生、未與父母同住者的生理和心理適應問題較多；男生、居住宜蘭縣、有手足、家長教育程度為國小以下者人際適應問題較多。4.疾病嚴重度與疾病接受度呈顯著負相關，但與生理和心理適應問題呈正相關。5.疾病接受度與生理和心理適應問題呈負相關，但與人際適應問題的相關性不強。

關鍵字

氣喘學生 ； 身心症狀 ； 疾病接受度 ； 生活適應

並列摘要

Asthma, the most common chronic disease, is growing rapidly in Taiwan. The aims of the present study were to investigate adjustment, and the relationship between the acceptance and adjustment. The subjects were 4-9th graders in ten purposively selected schools in Taipei City and E-Lan County. Four Hundred forty seven asthmatics completed a self-administrated questionnaire. The main findings of this study are as follows: 1. The prevalence rate of asthma is higher in Taipei than in Yi-Lan and higher in boys 2. There was a moderate degree of acceptance of the illness among asthmatics. Boys are more likely to accept the disease than girls, and the degree of acceptance is different between various graders. 3. Asthmatic students' physical, mental and social adjustments are positively correlated. There are more interpersonal problems than psychosomatic problems. Girls have facing more psychosomatic problems than boys. Students not living with two parents have more Psychosomatic problems than their counterparts. Boys, living in Yi-Lan, having sibling, with lower education parents have more interpersonal adjustment problems. 4. The severity of asthma is negatively correlated with the acceptance of the d 1e disease, but it is positively correlated with psychosomatic symptoms. 5. Asthmatics' attitude toward the disease is negatively correlated with physical and mental adjustment.

並列關鍵字

students with asthma ； acceptance of the illness ； psychosomatic symptom ； adjustment