新北市偏遠地區國小高年級學童口腔保健行為及其相關因素之探討

本研究旨在探討偏遠地區國小高年級學童口腔保健行為現況調查以及其相關因素，以全數研究母群體新北市偏遠19所市立國民小學五、六年級學童為本研究樣本，採自填式結構問卷進行資料蒐集，有效問卷共248份，研究結果如下：一、研究對象「口腔衛生知識」、「口腔衛生態度」、「口腔衛生自我效能」以及「口腔保健行為」皆屬中上程度，「口腔衛生社會支持」屬中等程度。二、研究對象之口腔保健行為與口腔衛生知識、口腔衛生態度、口腔衛生自我效能及口腔衛生社會支持皆呈顯著正相關。三、經複迴歸分析結果，研究對象之「學業表現前三分之一」、「BMI適中」、「高家庭社經地位」、「口腔衛生自我效能」及「口腔衛生社會支持」等五個變項，對「口腔保健行為」的解釋總變異量為48.1%，其中以「口腔衛生自我效能」最具影響力。最後，根據研究結果分析，提出具體建議，做為未來偏遠地區學童研擬口腔保健促進活動及相關計畫實施之參考。

關鍵字

口腔保健行為；偏遠地區；國小高年級學童；口腔衛生自我效能；口腔衛生社會支持

並列摘要

The present study assessed oral health behaviors and related factors among the fifth and sixth grade students in the remote areas of New Taipei City. The data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire, with a research population sample targeting all the 5th and 6th graders from 19 elementary schools in the remote areas of New Taipei City. Total valid samples were 248. The main findings were as follows: 1. The research participants had higher levels of oral health knowledge, oral health attitude and oral health self-efficacy but had moderate levels of oral health social support. 2. The participants' oral health behaviors were positively correlated with their oral health knowledge, oral health attitude, oral health self-efficacy, and oral health social support. 3. Multiple regression analysis results showed that participants with top one-third academic performance in class, normal BMI, high family social-economic status, oral health self-efficacy and oral health social support can predict the variances of oral health behavior by 48.1%. Oral health self-efficacy was the most relevant factor to predict oral health behavior. Based on the research results, some practical recommendations were provided to improve students' oral health behavior in the remote areas.