親師對於促進學童健康體位之觀點

本研究旨在探討親師對於促進學童健康體位之觀點。採質性研究内容分析法，訪談體位過重學童之家長8位、教師10位、護理師2位。研究結果發現，學校人員與家長對於學童健康體位之看法：親師皆認為體位不良對於健康會有影響，然學童正值發育期，親師表示不易做飲食的控制。親師也都認為引導學童健康體位習慣之建立，家庭和學校需肩負共同責任。實施之策略包括：親師皆著重營造健康飲食、運動支持性環境。學校人員表示有辦理教師增能研習、傳遞健康資訊給家長，及透過課程教學與邀請專業師資授課增進學童健康體位知能。家長準備健康食材，注意飲食均衡，並督促學童多從事戶外活動。親師皆表示自身健康體位專業知識不足，學校人員也表示缺乏學校人力及資源的協助、家長參與度低，致使推動不易。家長表示忙於工作常外食，無法照顧到學童的飲食，另與家中長輩對學童健康體位觀念不一致，致使管教困難。本研究建議學校相關單位增進學校人員對於學童健康體位之重視及責任、提升學校人員健康體位專業知能；在家長方面，打造健康飲食支持性環境並與學校建立互信互助夥伴關係。

關鍵字

國小；健康體位；學校人員；家長

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore parents' and teachers' points of view on promoting healthy weight in school children. A qualitative research approach was used, while 20 research participants (8 parents, 10 teachers and 2 school nurses) were selected. The main results of the study were as follows: 1. Views: Parents and teachers believed that overweight affected children's health, while uncontrolled diet was the main reason for poor weight management in children, especially during the critical period of physical development. Both school staff and parents reported that caring children's healthy weight as a joint responsibility of home and school. 2. Strategies: Both school staff and parents focused on creating a healthy diet and supportive sports environment. School staff reported that schools implemented teacher training program and provided health information for parents to enhance their healthy weight knowledge. Through teaching courses and cooperation with community medical institutions, health professionals were invited to give lectures to increase parents' and children's nutritional knowledge and practice. Parents provided the proper nutrition and encouraged their child to participate outdoor activities. 3. Difficulties: The difficulties school staff and parents faced included inadequate knowledge of healthy weight, lack of support by school authorities, and low involvement of parents. Parents were often too busy at work and ate out; thus, they were unable to take care of children's diet. In addition, there was a gap in the concept of healthy weight between parents and the elder generation (caregivers) at home, while lack of consensus made parental mediation more difficulty. It is suggested to enhance teachers' competences to promote children's healthy eating and physical activity, while schools could cooperate with parents to create environments to promote healthy weight in children.