- 期刊
番木瓜果實成熟度與種子發芽能力
Germinability of Papaya Seeds Extracted at Different Fruit Maturity
摘要
維持新鮮收穫和貯藏過的種子同樣具有高發芽率是種子技術的主要目的。本研究探討不同果實成熟度番木瓜(Carica papaya L.)種子的發芽能力和後熟表現，並於發芽試驗中觀察以GA3浸潤處理是否可有效提昇番木瓜種子的發芽率。品種‘日陞’的果實在不同成熟階段，所含種子休眠性不同，其中以溝熟期及黃熟期果實採收者，種子有最高的發芽力；各成熟階段採收之果實經進一步貯藏能誘導果內種子休眠，但該品種種子的休眠性可經由GA3處理或將種子於37.5℃貯藏5天而克服。品種‘台農二號’果實於不同成熟期採收者，種子發芽率皆相當低，採收後果 實若繼續後熟並無法有效提高發芽力，甚至會加深種子的休眠性，且GA3處理對該品種種子發芽力的促進效果非常小，但該品種種子在果實採收後熟15天經乾燥一天後再以GA3處理，卻有極明顯的發芽促進效果。此外，該品種的休眠性可由種子後熟而解除，其中以37.5℃貯藏5天的處理較佳，該種子於較低溫（20及5℃）下進行短期貯藏（15日）時，可能會誘導休眠性，但可藉由GA3處理克服。
並列摘要
This research was intended to study the germination, the dormancy and the after-ripening of papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds harvested from different fruit maturity stages. The seeds of 'Sunrise Solo' papaya showed irregular dormancy characteristics between different fruit maturity stages, and they reached highest germination at the groove-ripening stage and yellow ripening stage of the fruit. Further storage of the fruits harvested from different fruit maturity stages can induce seed dormancy. The seed dormancy of this cultivar can always be overcome by GA3 treatment or by storing the seeds at 37.5℃for 5 days. The seeds of 'TN2' papaya showed fairly low germination percentage in all fruit stages, and post-harvest storage of the fruit cannot promote the germination effectively, sometimes even deepening the seed dormancy. The promotion effect of GA3 was much smaller for the seeds of this cultivar, but drying the seeds of fruit stored for 15 days, followed by GA3 treatment promoted the germination percentage. The dormancy of 'TN2' papaya seeds can be released by seed after-ripening, and the treatment of storing the seeds at 37.5℃for 5 days can reach high germination safely. Storing the seeds under lower temperature (20 and 5℃) during a short-period (15 days) sometimes unexpectively induced dormancy that can be recovered by GA3.