水稻稻種及秧苗病蟲害管理

The Management of Diseases and Insect Pests of Rice Seed and Seedling in Nursery

廖君達(Chung-Ta Liao) ； 郭建志(Chien-Chih Kuo)

《植物種苗》 11卷2期 (2009/06) Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.30077/SN.200906.0001

摘要

臺灣有健全的水稻良種繁殖檢查三級制度及專業的水稻育苗中心，奠定了良好的水稻育苗技術。然而，業者在短時間內要處理大量的稻種及秧苗，所衍生的病蟲害管理的問題值得重視。良好的採種田管理決定稻種的品質，可減少藉由稻種傳播危害的水稻徒長病及水稻白尖病。稻種消毒的嚴謹，可有效防治多種水稻病害及葉芽線蟲。育苗土攜帶多種會導致箱育秧苗立枯病的土棲性病原菌，須考量不同的病原菌來選擇適當的藥劑。水稻移植前育苗箱處理，可有效防治本田前期的病蟲害，進而節省防治成本。至於水稻有機栽培的稻種及秧苗病蟲害管理技術仍有繼續發展的空間。

關鍵字

稻種 ； 秧苗 ； 病蟲害 ； 管理

並列摘要

The rice seed three-step propagation and certification system as well as professional rice nursery center had established better techniques for rice nursery. However, a lot of rice seeds and seedlings should be treated in a short period, the troubles resulted from diseases and insect pests had been noticed. Good seed field management brought the quality of rice seed, and reduced the damage of rice Bakanae disease and white-tip disease, which were dispersed by rice seed. It was important to practice rice seed sterilization for control different kinds of rice diseases and nematode. The nursery soil had carried a lot of soil-habitat pathogens resulted in seedling blight in nursery boxes. It was necessary to select the optimal fungicides matching up different situations. Some diseases and insect pests occurred in rice paddy field could be controlled by treating nursery boxes before transplanting and reduced the control cost effectively. Otherwise, it is very important to develop the management practices for disease and insect pests of seed and seedling on rice organic cultivation in the future.

並列關鍵字

rice seed ； seedling ； diseases and insect pests ； management