番木瓜類胡蘿蔔素及總可溶性固形物含量遺傳分析

本研究評估6個番木瓜自交系的組合力及基因的作用，用以選拔親本，發展高類胡蘿蔔素(carotenoids)及總可溶性固形物(total soluble solid, TSS)含量的雜交組合。試驗結果顯示番木瓜果肉之總類胡蘿蔔素(total carotenoids)、茄紅素(lycopene)、β-胡蘿蔔素(β-carotene)、β-隱黃素(β-cryptoxanthin)及總可溶性固形物含量、果肉顏色之彩度(chroma)、a值及b值等表現型的一般組合力(General combining ability, GCA)效應及特殊組合力(Specific combining ability, SCA)效應均顯著，且(GCA)／(SCA)＞１，顯示累加性效應遺傳變異大，因此上述性狀可隨著世代增進而增進。自交系P2及P4的總類胡蘿蔔素和果肉顏色的彩度及a值等性狀，均表現顯著的正GCA 效應，可作為提高果實總類胡蘿蔔素及果肉顏色(flesh color)的親本選擇。自交系P1、P5及P6的TSS高且有顯著的GCA效應，可作為提高果實TSS的親本選擇。總類胡蘿蔔素、茄紅素含量與果肉的彩度和a值有高度的相關，因此可利用果肉顏色之彩度與a值快速選拔高類胡蘿蔔素含量的品系，以提升番木瓜育種效率。

關鍵字

組合力；加成性效應；果肉顏色；半互交

並列摘要

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the combining ability and heredity of six papaya inbred lines for breeding the papaya hybrids with high total carotenoid and total soluble solids content (TSS) in the flesh. Results showed that both of general combination ability (GCA) effects and special combination ability (SCA) effects were significant in total carotenoid, lycopene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and TSS in flesh and chroma, 'a vale' and 'b value' of flesh color. Furthermore, the value of (GCA) (SCA)^(-1) were greater than 1, indicating that the genetic variation of additive gene effect were diversity, and the characteristics of flesh can be enhanced as selecting for generations. The P2 and P4 line were significant positive GCA effect in content of total carotenoid, chroma and 'a value' in flesh color, which can be the parents of improving the total carotenoid and flesh color in hybrids. Besides, the P1, P5 and P6 line were significant positive GCA effect in TSS, which can be the parents of increasing the TSS in hybrids. The content of total carotenoids and lycopene were highly correlated with chroma and 'a value' in flesh color, which can be applied to rapidly select lines with high carotenoid content and improve the breeding efficiency of papaya.

並列關鍵字

combining ability ； additive gene effect ； flesh color ； half diallel

國際替代計量

番木瓜類胡蘿蔔素及總可溶性固形物含量遺傳分析

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