老年人的形象：世代間的比較

Image of Ageing: An Intergenerational Comparison

楊桂鳳(Kuei-Feng Yang) ； 劉銀隆(Ying-Lung Liu) ； 于漱(Shu Yu)

《醫護科技學刊》 6卷4期 (2004/10) Pp. 371-384

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2004.6(4).5

摘要

了解社會成員對老年人形象的看法，建立正向老化形象與促進代間連結與團結，是迎向二十一世紀老化世界的重要議題。本研究爲一初探性研究，以個人訪談開放性問卷方法針對共110名分屬於四個世代的人進行資料收集(青少年世代33名、年輕世代32名、中年世代24名、老年世代21名)。主要目的爲瞭解當前社會成員(由整體及不同世代)對老年人形象之看法，並初探可能有哪些因素會影響此看法。結果發現，社會成員對老年人的正向看法有慈祥有愛心、經驗多且閱歷豐富；在負向的看法方面則主要是身體狀況不佳、話多囉嗦、寂寞。比較發現不同世代的看法，青少年世代的看法似乎較年輕、中年世代的看法正向；而老年人與其他世代較不同者爲，老年世代會傾向認爲老年人重視金錢及與子女家庭的關系，以及覺得老年人未受到社會的尊重。女性，高教育程度及有與老人相處經驗者對老人形象看法較正向；另健康狀況較好及生活滿意度較高的老人對老人持正向的看法。最後則提出各世代改善對老人形象看法的建議。

關鍵字

老年人形象 ； 世代連結 ； 世代間

並列摘要

Clarifying attitudes of the general population towards aging, and how to promote more positive view of aging and to strengthen the intergenerational link, is an important issue in the 21(superscript st) century. This study is a based on interviews and open-ended questionnaires. A total of 110 subjects representing the four generations (33 adolescents, 32 young adults, 24 middle aged and 21 older) were chosen for data collection. The main purpose of the study is to understand the attitude of contemporary society (as a whole and subdivided into different generations) with regards in consideration to the image of aging and the possible factors that can influence this attitude. Results from this study show that the positive attitudes contemporary society associates with the older generation are beneficent and caring, experienced and knowledgeable; the negative attitudes mainly associated with the older generation are frail and sickly, tedious and rambling. When subdivided into respective, the adolescent generation has a more positive image towards the older generation when compared to the young adult and middle aged generation. The views of the older generation towards themselves are dissimilar when compared with the other generations. More emphases are placed on the financial status and the relationship with their children and their families for the older generation. The feeling that the older generation is less respected by society also exists. The female gender, a higher educational level and previous experience with the older generation have more positive images of ageing. In addition, factors having a positive effect on how the older generation view themselves include a better health status and a higher satisfaction of life. From the results, several suggestions on improving the attitudes towards the images of aging for all generations were made.

並列關鍵字

Image of ageing ； intergenerational link ； intergeneration

參考文獻

方淑玉(2003)。國民中學實施青少年與老人代間方案之成效研究－一個行動研究取向(碩士論文)。台灣師範大學。

王瑞霞、王秀紅編著(2001)。健康促進與護理實務－理論典實務。台北:偉華。

余金燕、張慈桂、李秀春(1997)。屏東某專科學校學生對老化看法及老年生活期望之研究。美和護專學報。15，143-156。

林美珍(1987)。兒童對老人態度之研究。教育與心理研究。10，85-104。

林美珍(1993)。大學生對老人態度之研究。教育與心理研究。16，349-383。