設計創造理論之研究--以建築設計為例

「設計創作是否可以依循一種特定的理論或方法進行？」一直是個建築設計者難以理解的一個問題。本研究從設計的創造性議題探討開始，透過多項相關主題的深入分析，企圖深究設計理論的本質及其在整個知識論中的地位與角色，進而瞭解建築設計的「創造理論」。首先，本研究透過文獻的回顧與分析，探究設計方法的演進過程與創造力的本質，以及建築設計與其他設計的差異性；接著，依據文獻回顧探索的內容，針對「創造與簡化」、「七巧板與積木」、「發明與發現」、「設計理論與科學理論」、「理性主義與經驗主義」、「純理論與偽理論」等六項議題進行深入探討。研究發現：過去企圖將建築的設計方法論成為科學方法論的旁支是錯誤的，建築設計的創造行為具有許多二元性，並同時包含著「演繹」與「歸納」兩個過程。此外，本研究依據議題探討的結論，提出「整體知識理論架構」，藉由該架構可以瞭解創造理論與各相關理論之間的關係，並加深對創造理論的認識。最後，透過研究者個人的實證經驗與心得，結合上述六項議題的綜合結論，提出對於建築設計創造理論的整合性論述。

關鍵字

創造性；建築設計；創造理論；設計方法

並列摘要

＂Is it possible that design creativity can follow a particular theory or method?＂ This has been an incomprehensible question for architectural designers. Base on discussion of ＂design creativity＂ and related issues, this research attempts to investigate the nature of the design theory and its status and role in epistemology, and to understand ＂creation theory＂ in architectural design. Firstly, through literature review and analysis, this research explored the evolution of design methodology, the nature of creativity, and the differences between architectural design and others. Secondly, followed the findings in literature review, it further investigated six related issues, including ＂creation and simplification＂, ＂jigsaw puzzles and building blocks＂, ＂invention and discovery＂, ＂design theory and scientific theory＂, ＂rationalism and empiricism＂, and ＂pure theory and pseudo-theory＂. The research findings are that the past method adopting architectural design methodology as an offshoot of scientific methodology is wrong. The activity of creation has many dualities, and it also contains the processes of ＂deduction＂ and ＂induction＂. Besides, based on the findings of previous discussion, it proposed a theoretical framework of overall theory of knowledge. Through the framework, we can realize the relationship between creation theory and related theories, and also deepen the understanding of ＂creation theory＂. Finally, the research proposed integrated discussion on creation theory in architectural design through researcher's empirical experience combined with the overall findings of the six issues above.