氣候變遷與勞動政策之回應－歐洲聯盟之經驗

本文之目的，是希望對歐洲聯盟在過去十幾年來，為因應氣候變遷及全球暖化所造成之危機，如何在勞動政策上採取更積極之作為，藉以減少這些問題對某些特定產業勞動者所造成之負面衝擊，更重要的是透過新的技術發展，來增加更多更好的工作機會，以維持經濟永續發展之各項努力，做一全面性之檢視，並評析其得失及未來走向。除序言及結語外，全文共分三個主要部分：第一部分析據各項研究報告，說明氣候變遷及全球暖化等議題，對全球勞動市場及勞動者所會產生之不同響影。第二部分對歐洲聯盟各重要機構及利害關係者，針對這類問題所提出之各種作為加以闡述，尤其是執委會在這方面所扮演之角色。第三部分則是針對歐洲聯盟過去幾年之努力成果及未來之努力方向等，設法做一整體之檢視評析，並指出它與開發中國家針對此一議題共同合作之情形，以及可供我國採取相同作為時借鏡取法之處。

關鍵字

氣候變遷；全球暖化；歐洲聯盟；歐盟執委會；勞動政策；勞動人權；綠色產業工作；再生能源

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to make an overview and evaluation of various efforts made by the European Union to encourage its member states to initiate related labor policies, create more good job opportunities, and maintain sustainable economic growth in order to cope with numerous negative impacts on their workforce triggered by climate change and global warming in the last decade. It also analyzes the results of these endeavors and maps their future trends. In addition to introductory and concluding remarks, the paper is divided into three major sections: Section One deals with a number of negative impacts on labor markets and workers' rights caused by climate change and global warming as reported by several renowned research programs. Section Two looks into various initiatives taken by the European Institutions and other stakeholders in this regard, especially those efforts made by the European Commission. Section Three discusses the tentative results of these endeavors and their future developments. It also points out several related cooperative programs between the European Union and developing countries, and discusses whether the European experience in this field can provide any lessons for Taiwan given its recent efforts to confront this ever-important issue.