國際組織之國際私法主體地位論

The Legal Status of International Organizations as the Subject of Private International Law

李娟(Juan Li)

《法令月刊》 65卷4期 (2014/04) Pp. 97-116

https://doi.org/10.6509/TLM.201404_65(4).0006

摘要

國際組織要成為國際私法的主體，需要滿足一定的條件，成為能夠在國際民事關係中享有權利和承擔義務的法律人格者。國際組織的國內法律人格是其參加圍內法院訴訟的前提條件，也是其作為國際私法主體的基礎。國際組織國內法律人格確定的兩大淵源主要有國際條約的規定和國內法的規定。在實踐中，其他確定國際組織法律人格的方法有「暗含國內法律人格」論、「國際私法規則類比適用」論、國內法律人格由國際法律人格衍生論等。國際組織作為國際私法的主體，在法律上就會產生一定效果，主要表現在國內法的適用、特權與豁免以及國內法律秩序中的權利與責任等幾個方面，其中特權與豁免又包括國際組織的絕對豁免和限制性豁免。

關鍵字

國際組織 ； 國際私法主體 ； 國內法律人格

並列摘要

International organizations need to satisfy certain conditions to be the subject of private international law, such as to possess legal personality in domestic legal system. The domestic legal personality of international organizations is the prerequisite to sue and be sued in domestic courts and is also the basis as the subject of the private international law. International treaties and national laws are two major sources of the domestic legal personality of international organizations. In practice, there are three other measures to support the domestic legal personality of international organizations which are implied domestic legal personality doctrine, the doctrine of analogous application of private international law rules and the doctrine of domestic legal personality deriving from the international legal personality. As the subject of private international law, international organizations have to apply national laws and have immunities and privileges including absolute immunity and qualified immunity. International organizations enjoy the rights and undertake the responsibility in domestic legal system.

並列關鍵字

international organizations ； the subject of private international law ； the domestic legal personality

參考文獻

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