Effects of Interactive Exergame on Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Background: Sarcopenia is correlated with many adverse health outcomes, and much research has been conducted regarding its treatment. We investigated the effectiveness of an interactive exergame on sarcopenia risk and sarcopenia indicators in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Fifty older participants aged between 65‐85 years were recruited from community centers in Northern Taiwan and divided into experimental and control groups. Experimental group received exergame individually for 1 hour per session, twice a week for 8 weeks while control group maintained their regular daily activity. All participants were evaluated their sarcopenia indicators according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 updated consensus before and after intervention. Muscle mass was examined through bioelectrical impedance analysis, muscle strength through grip strength measurement, and physical performance by the Five Times Sit to Stand (FTSTS) test or the 6 Meters Walk Test (6MWT). Results: Experimental group showed significant improvement in physical performance (p=0.001 in FTSTS, p<0.001 in 6MWT) while control group unexpectedly increased their walking speed after intervention (p=0.008). However, experimental group had a significantly greater amount of improvement than control group in muscle mass (p=0.008), FTSTS (p=0.005), 6MWT (p=0.001) and sarcopenia risk (p<0.001). More than half of the participants in experimental group decreased their risk of sarcopenia while it remained the same in control group. The attendance rate was 100% and no any minor or serious adverse events were reported during the intervention. Conclusion: This was the first study to investigate the effects of interactive exergame on sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Our preliminary results indicate that 8-week interactive exergame had a significant impact on sarcopenia risk and some sarcopenic indicators such as muscle mass and physical performance. The compliance for exergame is excellent, and none of adverse events was reported during the intervention, indicating that interactive exergame is safe and has good adherence. Future larger-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to improve the research quality and validate our findings.

關鍵字

community ； elderly ； exergame ； sarcopenia

並列摘要

前言：肌少症和許多不良健康結果有相關，因此過去文獻一直在研究能有效改善肌少症的介入措施。本研究目的在探討互動式體感遊戲對改善社區長者肌少症風險和肌少症各項指標之成效。方法：共有50位社區長者參與本研究，並平均分配在實驗組與控制組。實驗組接受八周、一周兩次、一次一小時的一對一互動式體感遊戲訓練，控制組則維持原有的日常生活活動。介入前後所有的參與者皆會接受肌少症各項指標的評估，包含肌肉質量、肌肉力氣（握力），與肌肉功能（五次坐站與六公尺行走測試）。結果：八周的介入完成後，實驗組在肌肉功能有顯著進步（p=0.001五次坐站, p<0.001六公尺行走測試），控制組則在走路速度有顯著提升（p=0.008）。若兩組相比，實驗組仍比控制組在肌肉質量（p=0.008）、五次坐站（p=0.005）、六公尺行走（p=0.001），以及肌少症風險（p<0.001）有顯著較大的改善，且實驗組有超過一半的參與者在介入後有降低其肌少症風險，但控制組的參與者幾乎沒有改變。結論：本研究為第一個探討互動式體感遊戲在社區長者肌少症的研究，此前驅研究的結果顯示互動式體感遊戲介入對於肌少症風險和肌少症指標像是肌肉質量和肌肉功能有顯著改善，未來仍需要有較大型的隨機對照試驗來增加研究品質和驗證本研究成果。

並列關鍵字

社區；長者；互動式體感遊戲；肌少症

參考文獻

Cipolli, G. C., Yassuda, M. S., &Aprahamian, I. (2019). Sarcopenia is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults: Asystematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 23(6), 525–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-019-1188-8

Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Baeyens, J. P., Bauer, J. M., Boirie, Y., Cederholm, T., Landi, F., Martin, F. C., Michel, J. P., Rolland, Y., Schneider, S. M., Topinkova, E., Vandewoude, M., & Zamboni, M. (2010). Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European working group on sarcopenia in older people. Age and Ageing, 39(4), 412–423. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afq034

Frith, E., & Loprinzi, P. D. (2018). The association between lower extremity muscular strength and cognitive function in a national sample of older adults. Journal of lifestyle medicine, 8(2), 99. https://doi: 10.15280/jlm.2018.8.2.99

Liao, C. D., Chen, H. C., Huang, S.W., & Liou, T. H. (2019). The role of muscle mass gain following protein supplementation plus exercise therapy in older adults with sarcopenia and frailty risks: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of randomized trials. Nutrients, 11(8), 1713. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081713

Moore, S. A., Hrisos, N., Errington, L., Rochester, L., Rodgers, H., Witham, M., & Sayer, A. A. (2020). Exercise as a treatment for sarcopenia: An umbrella review of systematic review evidence. Physiotherapy, 107, 189–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2019.08.005

主題瀏覽