部落長者肌少症發生情形及運動介入後對功能性體適能影響之研究

A Study of the Incidence of Sarcopenia and Effects of An 8-week Exericse Program on Functional Fitness among Indigenous Elderly

潘淑娟(Pan Shu-Chuan)

指導教授 ： 徐錦興

國立屏東科技大學/人文暨社會科學院/休閒運動健康系所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202200328

摘要

問題背景：規律運動可延緩長者的失能，特別在其日常動作表現上，應有其正向效益。政府在都會區設置國民運動中心，提供民眾多元的運動資源；然在偏鄉部落，運動相關資源有限。研究目的：本研究主要在瞭解偏鄉部落長者的肌少症發生情形，並透過短期運動介入，探討部落長者在功能性體適能的改善效益。研究方法：研究者於屏東縣三地門鄉某部落招募32位長者參與研究，並於文化健康站實施八週、每週二次、每次60分鐘的運動課程。研究工具包含肌少症與功能性體適能檢測；所得結果以描述性統計、皮爾森積差相關及二因子混合設計變異數分析進行假設檢定。結果：本研究以亞洲肌少症工作小組AWGS2019版進行檢測，發現53.1%部落長者無肌少症現象、但31.3%為疑似肌少症者及15.6%為肌少症者。相關分析之結果顯示，隨年齡增長，部落長者的上肢柔軟度(r= -.40, p<.01)與心肺耐力(r= -.44, p<.01)均呈現明顯的衰退。八週運動介入後，在部落長者的下肢肌力檢測項目上有顯著交互作用結果(F=3.52, p<.05)，肌少症部落長者的下肢肌力表現改善效益最低。結論：肌少症發生情形與先前研究之結果相似，約近半長者出現疑似肌少症或肌少症的現象；部落長者的心肺耐力與平衡力隨年齡增長而衰退的情形特別明顯。短期運動介入對部落長者的功能性體適能改善效益有限，特別在肌少症長者的下肢肌力表現上更為低落。建議宜能儘早提供部落長者體能運動課程，以達到預防及延緩失能的目的。

關鍵字

肌少症 ； 功能性體適能 ； 預防及延緩失能

並列摘要

Background: Regular exercise can delay the disability of the elderly, espe-cially in the performance of their daily movements, which should have posi-tive benefits. Taiwan government has set up Civil Sports Centers in metropol-itan areas to provide people with diverse sports resources; however, in rural areass, exercise-related resources are limited. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of sarcopenia among indigenous elders and to explore the effect of improving the functional fitness through short-term exercise intervention. Methods: The researcher recruited 32 elders from a tribe in Sandimen Township, Pingtung County, to participate in the study. The researcher designed an eight-week, twice-weekly, 60-minute exer-cise program at the Cultural Health Station for this study. Research tools in-cluded sarcopenia and functional fitness testing; results were hypothesized using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and two-way mixed design analysis of variance. Results: In this study, the AWGS 2019 version of the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group was tested, and it was found that 53.1% of elders had no sarcopenia, but 31.3% were suspected sarcopenia and 15.6% were sarcopenia. The results of correlation analysis showed that with the in-crease of age, the elders' upper limb flexibility (r= -.40, p<.01) and cardi-orespiratory endurance (r=-.44, p<.01) showed a significant decline. After the eight-week exercise intervention, there was a significant interaction result on the lower limb muscle strength test items of the tribal elders (F=3.52, p<.05), and the sarcopenic tribal elders had the lowest improvement in lower limb muscle performance. Conclusions: The incidence of sarcopenia of this study is similar to the previous ones. About half of the elders have suspected sarco-penia or sarcopenia. The cardiorespiratory endurance and balance of the tribal elders decline with age. Short-term exercise intervention has limited effect on improving functional fitness, especially the lower limb muscle performance among sarcopenic elders is even lower. It is suggested that physical exercise programs for elders should be provided as early as possible to delay any disa-bility.

並列關鍵字

sarcopenia ； physical fitness ； preventing and delaying disability

參考文獻

中文文獻

方怡堯、張少熙、何信弘（2015）。多元性運動訓練對社區高齡者功能性體適能之影響。體育學報，48（1），59-72。https://doi:10.3966/ 10247297 2015034801005

內政部（2021，12月5日）。109年簡易生命表。https://www.moi. gov.tw /News_Content.aspx?n=4&s=235543

中央社（2021，11月25日）。防疫健康意識抬頭，規律運動人口比例增。https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aspt/ 202111240266. aspx

田玉笛、王秀華、錢桂玉（2015）。以社區應用為導向之中老年人行動能力評估。中華體育季刊，29（1），29-36。https://doi:10.6223/qcpe