高中棒球選手回溯性競技傷害流病調查

A Descriptive Epidemiological Study of Sports Injury in High School Baseball Players

康正男(Cheng-Nan Kang) ； 莊林貴(Lin-Guey Juang) ； 康世平(Sic-Ping Kan) ； 王興國(Hsing-Kuo Wang)

《物理治療》 30卷5期 (2005/10) Pp. 217-222

摘要

背景與目的：本研究目的在調查我國高中棒球選手競技傷害盛行率及特徵。方法：以參加我國九十三學年度高中棒球聯賽16強隊伍共568位選手為問卷調查對象。問卷內容包括選手基本資料，競技傷害病史以及傷害對目前的影響。結果：結果顯示，共有474人有效填寫問卷（回收率83.5%)，其中470人(99.2%)有競技傷害的經驗，以上肢(54.5%)比例為最高，其中又以肩部和肘部的受傷比率最多，受傷時機多發生在訓練(82.0%)。而最常發生競技傷害的動作是滑壘(45.0%)，其次為投球(27.0%)。棒球場上常見的競技傷害以肌肉拉傷最多(48.6%)，其次淤青(11.3%)，韌帶扭傷(11.1%)，及骨折(7.4%)。選手就醫習慣以西醫和中醫最多，共占80.0%，接受物理治療者僅占9.5%。大部份受傷選手(63.2%)在受傷一個月內歸隊訓練。結論，高中棒球選手傷害部位主要集中在上肢，其中多數為軟組織傷害，因此建議教練、球員及教育主管單位在從事訓練或政策制定上，加強高中棒球選手上肢競技傷害的預防。

關鍵字

高中棒球 ； 競技傷害 ； 流病調查

並列摘要

Background and purposes: Baseball is one of the most popular sports and played by millions of adolescents around the world. Objective of this retrospective epidemiologic study was to establish injury profiles regarding injury onset, location, type, and severity for baseball players at high school age. Methods: Five hundred and sixty-eight eligible players who played for the first league at high school level in the 2004 season were recruited for this study. Four hundred and seventy-four athletes (age: 16.5±0.8 years, height: 174.4±3.4 cm, weight: 70.0±2.1 kg, training history: 5.6±2.3 years) returned completed questionnaires regarding physical characteristics, play positions, training history, training hours, and the injury profiles. Sports injury was defined as an incident or period occurring in connection with baseball during training or competition which 1. handicaps athletes during play or 2. completely prevents athletes from playing or 3. requires the athletes to receive special treatment in order to continue playing. Results: Four hundred and seventy players (99.2%) have histories of 470 injuries in total. Eight-two percent of these injuries occurred in practice and 18.0% in games. Fifty-four percent of these injuries were to the upper extremity, 17.0% to the trunk/back, 20.0% to the lower extremity, and 7.0% to the head and face. The most common origins of injury were strains (48.6%), sprains (12.0%), contusions (11.3%), and fracture (7.4%). Thirty-eight and 29.0 % of the injuries resulted in ＜ 7 days and＞ 30 days lost participation respectively. Conclusions: Injuries in the upper extremities are the main injuries in high school baseball players. Further studies regarding prevention of injuries in the upper extremity in baseball players of high school are suggested.

並列關鍵字

High school baseball ； Sports injury ； Epidemiologic study