作業優先性與姿勢－上姿勢作業表現：上姿勢優先策略之優勢

Task Priority and Postural-Suprapostural Performance: Advantages of Suprapostural-first Strategy

游舒涵(Shu-Han Yu) ； 黃正雅(Cheng-Ya Huang)

《物理治療》 39卷4期 (2014/12) Pp. 209-215

https://doi.org/10.6215/FJPT.PTS1409033106

摘要

背景和目的：姿勢－上姿勢作業（postural-suprapostural task）為維持身體平衡下同時進行動作或認知作業，然而以何者為優先作業可使整體表現較佳尚未被仔細探討，本研究目的為探討作業優先性（task priority）在姿勢-上姿勢作業的影響。方法：本研究招募12位健康年輕受試者，受試者需站立於平衡板（stabilometer）上並執行精準按壓動作，分別以精準按壓作業（上姿勢作業）或姿勢平衡（姿勢作業）為優先作業。分析參數包含精準按壓誤差、平衡板角度誤差、精準按壓變異係數（coefficient of variation）及平衡板角度改變之近似熵（approximate entrophy）。結果：使用上姿勢優先策略，比起使用姿勢優先策略，會產生較高的姿勢變異性（較高近似熵）及較低的精準按壓變異係數。結論：上姿勢作業、姿勢作業精準度及作業變異量會受作業優先策略的影響，當使用上姿勢優先策略時，健康年輕人能以較有效率的形式進行姿勢-上姿勢作業並產生較佳的表現。臨床應用：於臨床應用上可依據訓練對象的能力調整姿勢作業與上姿勢作業之難度，尤其站立於平衡板對老年人或神經疾病患者可能挑戰性過高，可採用雙腳軟墊站立等困難度較低的姿勢作業進行訓練。此外，作業優先策略的影響性也可進一步延伸至老年人或患有神經疾病患者進行探討，以期在未來能提供較適當的作業優先策略於姿勢或動作訓練中。

關鍵字

作業優先 ； 姿勢平衡 ； 上姿勢作業精準度 ； 雙重作業

並列摘要

Background and Purpose: Postural-suprapostural task is defined as achievement of a motor/cognitive task together with successful maintenance of postural balance. However, whether postural-suprapostural performance is conditional to task priority is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect for task priority on a postural-suprapostural task. Methods: This study recruited twelve healthy young adults. Each subject was asked to execute a force-matching task (suprapostural task) while maintaining balance on a stabilometer with force-matching or postural balance as the first-priority task. Task accuracy and variability for both suprapostural and postural task were measured. Both task accuracy (force-matching error and postural error) and task variability (coefficient of variation (CV) of force output and approximate entropy (ApEn) of stabilometer movement) were measured. Results: Using suprapostural- first strategy resulted in smaller force-matching error and postural error than those by using postural-first strategy. In addition, suprapostural-first strategy resulted in higher postural variability (larger ApEn) and lower suprapostural variability (smaller CV of force output). Conclusions: Task accuracy and variability of suprapostural and postural tasks varied significantly with task priority strategies. With suprapostural-first strategy, young healthy adults could perform a postural-suprapostural task in a more efficient way and have better performance. Clinical Implications: In clinic, the difficulty of postural and suprapostural tasks should be modulated according to patients’ ability for postural-suprapostural control training. For instance, we can ask patients to stand on a disc instead of keeping balance on a stabilometer. The effect of task priority strategies could be investigated on older adults or patients with neurological disease in further studies for providing posture/motor training with proper task priority.

並列關鍵字

Task priority ； Postural balance ； Suprapostural accuracy ； Dual task