【論文摘要】Muscle Activities in Bench Press With or Without Unstable Loads: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

【論文摘要】穩定或不穩定負重下執行仰臥推舉時的肌肉活性：系統性回顧與統合分析

黃紹洋(Shao-Yang Huang) ； 黃子軒(Tzu-Hsuan Huang) ； 陳行深(Hsing-Shen Chen) ； 林吟亮(Yin-Liang Lin) ； 黃崇舜(Tsun-Shun Huang)

《物理治療》 47卷4期 (2022/12) Pp. 331-332

https://doi.org/10.6215/FJPT.202212.P50

摘要

Background and Purpose: The bench press has long been a popular upper-body resistance training exercise. Training with unstable loads (UL) was a recently developed method by using a flexible barbell with loads suspended by elastic bands, which prescribed with a lower percentage of one-repetition maximum (1RM) than the traditional setting with a standard barbell and stable loads (SL). It is assumed that the use of UL can enhance the recruitment of stabilizing muscles and maintain the amount of muscle activation in the primary movers. However, there was no consistent conclusion from previous research. The purpose of our study was to compare the muscle activities of upper body muscles while lifting SL and UL during bench pressing. Methods: The searched databases included PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Ovid MEDLINE for relevant journal articles from 2002 until April 2022. The quality of eligible studies was evaluated by using before-after (pre-post) studies with no control group from National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager Version 5.4.1 software (Cochrane, Copenhagen, Denmark). Results: Five studies were included in the meta-analysis and systematic review. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the muscle activity of the biceps brachii increased under bench pressing with UL compared to SL (p ＜ 0.05, 95% CI = [0.03, 79.45], I^2 = 94%). No differences were found in the pectoralis major, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, and upper trapezius between two load conditions. Conclusions: There is a significant increase in the muscle activity of the biceps brachii during bench pressing with UL, while there are no significant differences in the other muscles between two load conditions. Clinical Relevance: Compared with bench pressing with SL, bench pressing with UL provides an alternative training method by programming a lower overall load lifted while maintaining the amount of muscle activation in primary movers and stabilizing muscles. Our findings allow in-season athletes and people in the rehabilitation stage to perform bench press with less stress to the joint.