原住民與非原住民學童體適能、身體自我概念對自我概念之預測研究

本研究的主要目的有二：（一）比較原住民與非原住民學童在體適能、身體自我概念以及自我概念上是否有差異；（二）依據Fox和Corbin(l989)所提出的自我概念模式，探索原住民與非原住民學童在預測自我概念的情形。本研究對象為國小五、六年級原住民學童男164人，平均年齡為11.90歲(SD=0.70)；非原住民學童男160人，平均年齡為11.74歲(SD=0.68)。使用的測量工具包括國民基本體適能測驗、身體自我概念量表（莊鵬輝，1996）以及自我描述問卷（趙曉美，2000）。所有資料以獨立樣本t考驗以及徑路分析進行分析。研究結果發現：一、原住民學童在體適能測驗中的坐姿體前彎、一分鐘仰臥起坐以及立定跳遠；身體自我概念中的外表；以及自我概念中的身體外觀和身體能力皆優於非原住民學童。二、在非原住民學童徑路分析中發現體適能水準可直接及間接透過身體自我概念預測自我概念，身體自我概念亦可直接預測自我概念。在原住民學童的徑路分析中發現體適能水準無法直接預測身體自我概念，但可直接預測自我概念，而身體自我概念可直接預測自我概念。其原因可能體適能測驗中的項目無法代表他們真正的身體自我概念知覺。本研究除可做為日後研究原住民以及非原住民學童體適能、身體自我概念以及自我概念之用外，研究者也建議日後有興趣此一領域者可運用質化分析與縱貫式研究進一步檢驗本研究結果。

關鍵字

原住民；身體自我概念；文化差異

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were: (a) to compare the differences of physical fitness, physical self, and global self between children of Taiwanese aboriginals and Taiwanese Chinese; (b) based on Fox and Corbin (1989) model, to compare the predictability of children's physical fitness and physical self on global self between Taiwanese aboriginals and Taiwanese Chinese. Participants were 164 Taiwanese aboriginal children (mean age=11.90; SD=0.70) and 160 Taiwanese Chinese children (mean age=11.74; SD=0.68). After obtaining permission from participants' or guardians, the authors tested participants with the Taiwanese Standard Physical Fitness Test (TSPFT), Children's Physical Fitness Scale (Chuan, 1996), and Children's Self Description Scale (Zhao, 2002). A t-test statistical analysis found Taiwanese aboriginal children were higher on the sit and reach test, one-minute sit-up test, and standing broad-jump of TSPFT compared to the Taiwanese Chinese children. However, two separate path analyses found that only the Taiwanese Chinese children's fitness were both direct and indirect predictions of global self through physical self as Fox and Corbin (1989) suggested. In terms of Taiwanese aboriginal children, fitness performance failed to predict global self through physical self as Fox and Corbin (1989) suggested. This study concluded that due to cultural differences, a common performance of TSPFT was unable to represent Taiwanese aboriginal children's true physical concept and suggests that future studies applying diverse physical abilities tests such as distant running and sports skills to examine Fox and Corbin's (1989) model.

並列關鍵字

aborigines ； physical self ； cultural differences

參考文獻

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