短期間歇性低氧運動訓練對肌肉肝醣合成之影響

Effects of Short-Term Intermittent Hypoxia Training on Muscle Glycogen Resynthesis

陳燕瑩(Yen-Ying Chen) ； 呂香珠(Tsen-Wei Tsai) ； 蔡岑瑋(Hsiang-Chu Lu) ； 邱彥成(Yen-Chen Chiu) ； 程一雄(I-Shiung Cheng)

《大專體育學刊》 13卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 87-94

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1301.010

摘要

肌肉肝醣為人體運動重要能量來源，間歇性低氧訓練是一種模擬高原訓練的方法，透過短期間歇性低氧訓練是否能有效地增加運動後肌肉肝醣再合成。很少有文獻驗證短期間歇性低氧運動訓練是否增加單次運動後人體骨骼肌肉肝醣合成效果，本研究直接以人體骨骼肌肉肝醣濃，驗證短期間歇性低氧運動訓對單次運動後肌肉肝醣合成效果。實驗參與者接受兩項實驗程序，分別為間歇性低氧環境運動訓練（IHT trial）與常氧環境運動訓練（control trial）。七天運動訓練期間，每天於15%低氧濃度或常氧環境下進行60分鐘、70%最大攝氧峰值腳踏車運動，第八天早晨隔夜禁食後於常氧環境下完成單次60分鐘、70%最大攝氧峰值腳踏車運動，運動後立即補充碳水化合物飲食（每公斤體重2克碳水化合物）。運動前、運動後0小時及4小時進行肌肉穿刺，運動後每隔30分鐘蒐集血液採樣。研究結果顯示單次運動挑戰後，control trial肌肉肝醣濃度顯著地減少（p<.05）；IHT trial則無顯著地減少（p>.05）；運動後4小時肌肉肝醣回補，control trial有顯著增加的趨勢（p<.05）；IHT trial無顯著增加的趨勢（p>.05）。血液葡萄糖反應在運動後90、120、150與180分鐘，IHT trial顯著低於control trial（p<.05）；胰島素反應在運動後第90分鐘，IHT trial顯著低於常氧試驗（p<.05），其餘時間點無顯著差異。運動後皮質醇反應，兩項試驗並無顯著差異。本研究之結論：研究結果顯示短期間歇低氧環境運動訓練減少後續運動挑戰肌肉肝醣利用率，無法有效增加運動後碳水化合物補充肌肉肝醣回補效果。

關鍵字

腳踏車運動 ； 肌肉穿刺 ； 皮質醇

並列摘要

Glycogen is an important fuel source in the skeletal muscle for endurance performance. Few studies demonstrated the influence of intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) on muscle glycogen levels. This study was designed to investigate whether IHT can enhance glycogen resynthesis in human skeletal muscle after a single bout exercise for 60 minutes with 70-75% VO2 peak. Seven healthy male subjects were recruited for this crossover study, and performed seven days exercise training under intermittent hypoxia (IHT trial) or normal oxygen (control trial) conditions. After seven days exercise training, on the 8th day morning, all subjects completed a 60-min cycling exercise at 70% VO2 peak, and ingested a high carbohydrate meal (2 g carbohydrate per body weight) immediately after exercise. Muscle samples from deep vastus lateralis, and blood samples were taken before exercise, immediately after exercise and 4-h after exercise. Biopsy muscle samples were taken for muscle glycogen assay, and blood samples were used to measure the glucose, insulin and cortisol concentrations. In control trail, muscle glycogen level was significantly decreased immediately after exercise compared to pre-exercise (p＜.05). However, no significant decrease in muscle glycogen was noticed in IHT trail immediately after exercise. During exercise recovery, IHT trial has no significant increase in muscle glycogen at 4-h after exercise compared to immediately after exercise. The glucose response was lower in IHT trial after same amount of carbohydrate meal. In this study, no significant differences in insulin and cortisol levels were shown in both trials. From our results, we conclude that the utilization of muscle glycogen was decrease in IHT trial after a single bout of 60 minutes exercise with 75% VO2 max. Therefore, the glycogen recovery was not significantly enhanced by IHT compared to control trial in exercised human skeletal muscle.

並列關鍵字

cycling exercise ； muscle biopsy ； cortisol

參考文獻

Bergstrom, J.(1962).Muscle electrolytes in man. Determined by neutron activation analysis on needle biopsy specimens.Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation.68,11-13.

Bergstrom, J.,Hermansen, L.,Hultman, E.,Saltin, B.(1967).Diet, muscle glycogen and physical performance.Acta Physiologica Scandinavica.71(6),140-150.

Bigard, A. X.,Brunet, A.,Guezennec, C. Y.,Monod, H.(1991).Skeletal muscle changes after endurance training at high altitude.Journal of Applied Physiology.71(6),2114-2121.

Birnbaum, M. J.(2001).Turning down insulin signaling.Journal of Clinical Investigation.108(5),655-659.

Bogardus, C.,Thuillez, P.,Ravussin, E.,Vasquez, B.,Narimiga, M.,Azhar, S.(1983).Effect of muscle glycogen depletion on in vivo insulin action in man.Journal of Clinical Investigation.72(5),1605-1610.