自我控制回饋頻率的限制效應：動作表現與學習

本研究目的以兩個實驗分別探討無及有限制自我控制回饋頻率情境下的動作表現與學習效果。以低手拋擲為實驗工作，實驗一旨在檢驗無限制自我控制回饋頻率情境下的影響。24名參與者隨機分派至自我控制結果獲知（self-controlled knowledge of results, SCKR）組或對照組。結果發現回饋要求平均頻率為46%；SCKR組與對照組獲得期與保留測驗的準確分數無顯著差異。依據實驗一之發現，實驗二針對有限制自我控制回饋頻率的效應做進一步的探究。36位參與者隨機分派至50% SCKR組、50%結果獲知（knowledge of results, KR）組或100% KR組。結果發現100% KR組在獲得期的準確性顯著高於50% SCKR組及50% KR組，其中50% SCKR組的準確性又顯著高於50% KR組；在保留測驗中的準確性，50% SCKR組及50% KR組顯著高於100% KR組，而50% SCKR和50% KR兩組之間沒有差異。本研究結論得知不論在無或有限制回饋頻率情境下，只要頻率控制在50%，即使沒有給予自我控制回饋也能促進動作學習。

關鍵字

低手拋擲；結果獲知；獲得期；保留測驗

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the motor performance and learning effects under the situations of unlimited and limited self-controlled feedback frequency. Underhand throwing served as the experimental task. Experiment 1 was designed to examine the effect of unlimited self-controlled feedback frequency on motor performance and learning. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to either a self-controlled knowledge of results (SCKR) group or a yoked group. The results showed average feedback request was 46%, and no significant difference was found in the accuracy for acquisition phase and retention test between two groups. According to the findings of Experiment 1, Experiment 2 further explored the effect of limited self-controlled feedback frequency on motor performance and learning. Thirty-six participants were randomly assigned to a 50% SCKR group, a 50% knowledge of results (KR) group, or a 100% KR group. The results showed that the accuracy in the 100% KR group was significantly higher than that of those in the 50% SCKR group and 50% KR group in the acquisition phase. Moreover, the accuracy in 50% SCKR group was significantly higher than 50% KR group. In the retention test, the accuracy of 50% SCKR group and 50% KR group were significantly higher than 100% KR group, and no significant difference between 50% SCKR group and 50% KR group was found. We conclude that both in unlimited and limited feedback frequency situations, when feedback frequency was controlled at 50%, motor learning was facilitated even without self-controlled feedback.

並列關鍵字

underhand throw ； knowledge of results ； acquisition phase ； retention test

參考文獻

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