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摘要


在末期肝硬化病患,挽回生命或是提供良好生活品質的唯一方式爲肝臟移植手術。常見肝臟移植手術後合併症腹腔內出血、血管栓塞、膽汁滲漏、膽管狹窄、排斥、感染、肺部合併症及腦神經併發症等等。而本文主要在探討肝臟移植手術後發生腦神經併發症,包括:癲癇Seizures、腦神經血管併發症Cere-brovascular complications、腦病變Encephalopathy或混亂Confusion、感染Infection、震顫Tremor及頭痛Headache的發生。在追蹤三十九例肝臟移植術後,術後之腦神經併發症發生人數共爲十人,發生率在25.6%。肝臟移植術後腦神經併發症之案例,分析病因學結果:1、免疫抑制劑Immunosuppression之腦神經毒性有關聯有六例,在免疫抑制劑後一至二週內發生;2、電解質不平衡Electrolyte unbalance有一例,爲電解質不平衡(Mg(上標 2+)低下導致癲癇誘發作;3、腦出血Brain hemorrhage有兩例爲顱內出血;及4、不明之病因學Unknown etiology一例,癲癇患者並無特殊證據。肝臟移植團隊成員包括,移植外科醫師、重症科醫師、專科護理師、藥師、臨床護理同仁,如何減少術後併發症產生,維護病人安全,提升醫療與護理品質,就其臨床徵狀及醫療護理處置,以討論分析,提供醫療照護之經驗參考。

並列摘要


The neurogenic complications for those liver cirrhosis patient who underwent liver transplantation includes seizures cerebrovascular complications encephalopathy or confusion tremor and headache. In the Changhua Christian hospital, we follow the 10 of 39 liver transplanted patients who have neurogenic complications (26.5%). We conclude neurogenic complications into immunosuppression caused encephalopathy (6 cases) electrolyte unbalance (1 case) brain hemorrhage (2 case) and unknown etiology (1 case). There is no discussion of relevant documents yet in our country at present. Therefore, author analysis and discussion after liver transplanted patients has complicated of cranial nerve damage and experience in nurse practitioner role. Make use of this experience to offer the clinical nurses and improve medical treatment and nursing quality, reducing post-operation complicated and safeguard patients to be safe.

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