用個別程序化訓練方法對弱智嬰幼兒早期干預與矯治的研究

The Research of Early Intervention and Therapy to Mentally Retarded Infants Using the Training Method of Individualized Program Instruction

孫靜(Jing Sun)

《特殊教育與復健學報》 1期 (1991/07) Pp. 79-94

摘要

隨著我國計劃生育政策的執行和教育普及程度的提高，對弱智（註）獨生子女的早期干預尤為迫切和必要。本文分析了國內外對弱智嬰幼兒研究的歷史發展和現狀，提出了適合弱智嬰幼兒早期干預的“個別程序化訓練方法”，設計了這一方法所包括的訓練領域、訓練過程、訓練原則、訓練活動。并用生理狀況、發育商、項目得分、父母評價來評價這一方法的效果。根據上述設計在臨床實踐申運用“個別程序化訓練方法”對24名弱智嬰幼兒進行了一年的早期干預與矯治，證明了這一方法的效果是好的。另外，在訓練過程中，對弱智嬰幼兒的動作技能和心智技能形成規律進行了探討。主要結論是：1.個別程序化訓練方法對弱智嬰幼兒的早期干預是有效的；2.個別程序化訓練方法簡便易行，便于掌握和推廣，可以有效地減輕家庭和社會負擔。

關鍵字

弱智 ； 個別程序化

並列摘要

In Carrying out the policy of ”Control Population” and raising educational universal degree, it is very urgent and necessary for the early education of preschool Mentally Retarded (MR) ”only child”. This thesis analyze the history development and situation of educational research to MR infants in china and other countries, Put forward ”the training method of individualized program instruction” (TMIPI). TMIPI in this thesis design the fields of training, the process of training, the principle of training, the activity of training adapting to MR infants. In the end, the research evaluate the effect of TMIPI through using phisiological situation. developmental quotient. training score. parent's evaluation. According to above designs. I put TMIPI into my clinical practice for the early intervention and therapy to 24 MR infants for one year. The results indicate the effect of TMIPI is effective. Otherwise, in the process of training, I approach the constitution law of motor ability and mental ability of MR infants. The main results are: 1. TNIPI is effective for the early intervention to MR infants. 2. TMIPI is easy to master or apply and effective to lighten the burden of MR infsnts' family and society.