聽障者在日常生活活動對行動電話使用需求與困境之初探

The Preliminary Study of Individuals with Hearing Impairment in Using Mobile Phone's Requirements and Barriers on their Activities of Daily Living

邱曉萍(Hsiao-Ping Chiu) ； 劉倩秀(Chien-Hsiou Liu) ； 李榮貴(Rong-Kwer Li)

《台灣聽力語言學會雜誌》 23期 (2009/07) Pp. 1-19

https://doi.org/10.6143/JSLHAT.2009.07.01

摘要

聽障者在行動電話的使用已經非常普及，而行動電話也具備了多樣化的功能可以支援聽障者每日生活活動；但是，現今行動電話的發展與設計卻未將聽障者的需求納入考量，致使聽障者在行動電話使用上面臨許多困境。因此，本研究將以半結構式工具性日常生活活動問卷了解聽障者透過哪些行動電話功能支援其日常生活活動，再以觀察法及深度訪談法了解聽障者行動電話使用困境，最後提出聽障者行動電話之使用需求以作為解決使用困境之設計參考。研究結果發現：聽障者會透過不同的行動電話功能支援其工具性日常生活活動，但由於生理的限制，使得聽障者在行動電話上面臨主要困境為無法接聽電話、無法語音溝通，次要困境為仰賴簡訊與視訊傳遞造成的簡訊輸入費時、顯示螢幕太小、無內建手機架、攝影鏡頭與螢幕不同側、3G費率太高以及視訊隱私權等困境；而透過行動電話功能需求（語音轉文字功能／文字轉語音功能、手寫辨識系統／螢幕、震動提示明顯）、非功能需求（顯示螢幕最大化、內建手機架、攝影鏡頭與螢幕同側）以及社會道德需求（隱私權教育與宣導、安全序號提示與宣導、行動電話費率合理），可以降低或消除聽障者行動電話使用困境。

關鍵字

聽障者 ； 行動電話 ； 工具性日常生活活動 ； 使用者需求

並列摘要

Mobile phones have become a necessity for many hearing-impaired people. The functions of mobile phones can support those with impaired hearing during their daily life. Unfortunately the capabilities and demands of hearing-impaired users are usually neglected during mobile phone development. This study used the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale to identify the relationships between mobile phone functions and the daily activities of hearing-impaired users. Semi-structured interviews and task observations were performed to explore the difficulties hearing-impaired users encounter when using their mobile phones. Hearing-impaired user requirements for mobile phones are responses to these difficulties. Analytical results indicate that hearing-impaired mobile phone users can use various mobile phone functions to assist in their daily activities, and current mobile phones design do not fulfill their needs and requirements also. The major difficulties encountered by hearing-impaired users are cannot hear and talk to the person on the other end of the mobile phones directly. Secondary difficulties are on account of short message and video communication including the time consumed when keying messages, the time delay in short message communication, the small display for video communication, no built-in mobile phone holder and the camera and display not on the same side for using sign language via video communication, the connection fee of 3G communication via mobile phone is too expensive and the problems with privacy whiling using video communication. The requirements of hearing-impaired users of mobile phones can be classified as functional requirements (e.g., text-to-speech and speech-to-text functionality, handwriting recognition, and ringing vibration), nonfunctional requirements (e.g., large display, built-in mobile phone holder, and camera and display on the same side) and community requirements (privacy education and guidance, serial numbers notify and guidance, and reasonable phone rates). Such requirements can act as guidelines for designing mobile phones and would enhance usability for hearing-impaired mobile phone users.

並列關鍵字

Hearing impairment ； Mobile phone ； Instrumental activities of daily living ； User requirements

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