住宅對偶性與住戶搬遷分析

Model for Housing Duality and Household Movement Decision

胡志平(Chich-Ping Hu)

《建築與規劃學報》 14卷2&3期 (2013/12) Pp. 131-146

摘要

都市經濟學中經典的「用腳投票理論」，指出家戶在都市稅負支出與都市服務水準條件下，會選擇並且遷移到一最適的都市居住。遷移不僅是為了改善居住環境品質、縮短工作通勤時間、提高區位可及性、使用更佳的公共設施服務、調適家庭生命週期，本研究更提出住宅對偶性的重要因素。為了驗證這些外生變數對住宅遷移的影響，本研究將住宅遷移決策變數內生化。公寓大廈是新竹市常見的住宅型態，本研究選取新竹市公寓大廈為研究母體，透過家戶問卷調查取得資料。首先，利用典型相關分析計算住戶屬性與住屋屬性第一典型因子標準化得點值差異值之絕對值，定義為住宅對偶性指標，執行顯著性檢定驗證指標存在的統計意義。其次，利用二元logit模型建立住戶遷移與外生變數間的因果關係。二模型操作結果顯示：1.住宅對偶性顯著存在，2.居住環境、工作通勤、交通因素、生活機能、家庭因素、住宅對偶性顯著影響住戶遷移決策。

關鍵字

用腳投票 ； 稅負 ； 住宅對偶性 ； 典型相關分析 ； logit模型

並列摘要

The famous theory of voting by feet in urban economics indicates household would choose the most optimal city to live under the consideration of tax expenditure and service level of this city. Migration for the reasons of living environmental quality improvements, working trip time decreases, locational accessibility increases, facilities uses satisfaction, family life cycle adjustments, in addition, this research believes that housing duality is another important factor to affect household's decision to migrate. For the significance test of household movement from the exogenous variables, this research uses the household movement decision as endogenous variable. Apartment building is selected to be the population of this research since it shares the large proportion of housing types in Hsin Chu city. A questionnaire survey on households is designedobtain the data used in this research. Firstly, canonical correlation analysis is applied to define housing duality indicator by the calculation with the absolute value of difference between the first canonical factor standardized score of household attributes and the first canonical factor standardized score of dwelling characteristics and significance test is used to identify the statistical implication. Secondly, the binary Logit model is applied to construct causal relationship between household movement decision and exogenous variables. Finally, the result shows the importance of housing duality and the significant influence on household movement decision from factors of living environment, commuting time, transport demand, comfortable life, family life cycle, and housing duality.

並列關鍵字

Voting by Feet ； Tax Expenditure ； Housing Duality ； Canonical Correlation Analysis ； Logit Model

參考文獻

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