論私立學校教師不利益處分及救濟：以《教師法》與《勞資爭議處理法》交會為中心

本研究採用文獻分析法及案例分析法，探討私立學校因少子女化浪潮下，對於教師不利益處分和其法律問題以及《教師法》和《勞資爭議處理法》交會為中心之救濟，並得出以下結論：第一，「工時」、「每周授課基本節數」、「招生額度」則屬於無法律明文規範之調整事項；第二，「休假」及「改聘」則同時屬於權利事項與調整事項；第三，「待遇」及「改聘」屬於《教師法》、《教師待遇條例》與《民法》間之競合；第四，調整事項無法透過教師申訴、訴訟以資救濟；第五，調整事項並無直接可行的救濟管道；第六，教育主管機關應制定基本教師聘約準則。

關鍵字

不利益處分；權利事項；調整事項；教師申訴

並列摘要

This study applied document analysis and case analysis to explore adverse action for teachers and legal issues in private schools underneath the trend of low birth rate as well as their remedy. The results suggest below: First, ＂work time＂, ＂basic weekly teaching classes＂ and ＂enrolling new students＂ belong to interests disputes of Act for Settlement of Labor- Management Disputes. Second, ＂paid leaves＂ and ＂changing contracts＂ are rights disputes and interests disputes simultaneously. ＂Remuneration＂ and ＂changing contracts＂ exist concurrence among Teachers' Act, Teacher Remuneration Act and Civil Code. Fourth, teachers can't adopt an appeal or a procedure in interests disputes. Fifth, available and directly remedy for interests disputes doesn't exist. Sixth, our educational authorities should legislate for fundamental teacher contract rules.