大乘中觀對無為法問題的破申－《百論》破常空品釋義

Refusal of the Unconditioned Dharma in the Madhyamaka School: Interpretation of the Chapter on "Refusal of Permanence and Emptiness" in the Śataśāstra

孫長祥(Chang-Hsiang Sun)

《佛學與科學》 14卷1期 (2013/02) Pp. 5-27

摘要

本論文主要依據漢譯本《百論》的〈破常品〉〈破空品〉，闡述提婆破申虛空、時、方、微塵、涅槃五常無因法，以及破空等無為法，以呈現大乘畢竟空觀的重要見解。全文共分為三部分：壹、前言－有關無為法的哲學性考察，從哲學觀點說明無為法的主要意涵。貳、大乘中觀對無為法問題的破申：下分三段：一、有關無為法的一般說明；二、〈破常品〉對五常無為法的破申；三、〈破空品〉因破顯空釋義。參、結論：總結前文，通論此二品在《百論》中的意義。

關鍵字

無為法 ； 常 ； 空 ； 百論

並列摘要

Based on the Chinese translation of two chapters in the Śataśāstra, entitled ”Refusal of Permanence” and ”Refusal of Emptiness,” this study elaborates how Āryadeva refuses the five uncaused dharmas, namely space, time, direction, atom, and nirvāna, as well as the unconditioned dharma, emptiness. The purpose of this study is to present the crucial Mahāyāna insight of ”ultimate emptiness.” This study is divided into three parts: Part 1, Introduction: a philosophical investigation to and interpretation of the key implication of the unconditioned dharma. Part 2, How Madhyamaka School refuses the unconditioned dharmas, which includes three parts, 1. a general explanation of the unconditioned dharma, 2. an elaboration on the refusal of the five permanent unconditioned dharmas in the Chapter ”Refusal of Impermanence.” 3. an elaboration on demonstration of the true emptiness by refusal of it. Part 3, Conclusion: Summarizing the article and discussing the significance of the two chapters in the Śataśāstra.

並列關鍵字

asaṃskṛta-dharma ； impermanence ； emptiness ； Śataśāstra