智障青年的戀愛經驗及觀點之探討

本研究為探尋智障青年的異性交往經驗及看法，俾瞭解其真實的心路歷程，並作為發展適當的教育方案與建議的參考。經直接訪談13位智障青年，歸納出其異性交往經驗，可分為機會、歷程、阻礙及求助等層面。 1.相遇機會：近水樓台先得月，班對活動促成雙。 2.交往機會：重要他人能首肯，相親起鬨均重要。 3.維持技巧：交往技巧多樣化，多采多姿令人炫。 4.親密歷程：越壘保守各自行，公開私藏難決定。 5.交往阻礙：棘手難題常遭遇，內外因素紛阻撓。 6.求助策略：就近人選可諮詢，自己亦可自支持。有關智障青年對異性交往的看法，可歸納出：匱乏、憧憬、防護、樸拙、榜樣、嚮往及挫折等情懷。 1.匱乏－勤奮工作名利存，親密需求未滿足。 2.憧憬－有無經驗均相似，內外條件期兼修。 3.防護－負面特質難相處，祈求祝禱別近身。 4.樸拙－期待又怕受傷害，技巧情結矛盾多。 5.榜樣－身旁典範供參考，螢幕人物被移情。 6.嚮往－給我追求幸福令，我想遇見他或她。 7.挫折－二性交往頗神往，禁令重重無處展。本研究並提出對智障青年「未完成的戀愛故事」的思考方向，及因應身心障礙者權益保障法的支持與保障規定，未來的服務思維。

關鍵字

智障青年；戀愛經驗；戀愛觀點

並列摘要

The participants in the study were 13 youths with intellectual disabilities (Y/w ID). The in-depth interview was conducted to collect data. The process of romantic relationship experiences was analyzed by being divided into six stages. The first is the opportunity of meeting Mr./Miss Right, the person who often or always appears near the life space of Y/w ID. The second is the support from significant others, peer group and matchmakers. The third is the skills of maintaining and deepening the relationships. The fourth is the intimate behaviors and the decision to initiate the romantic relationships. The fifth is the barriers of making male/female friends, including the subjective and objective reasons of Y/w ID. The sixth is the channel to ask for help. Parents and professional personnel are the main persons who can help Y/w ID solve problems in building their romantic relationships. Sometimes the Y/w ID solved the problems by himself/herself. There are seven kinds of perspectives on romantic relationships of Y/w ID. First, to dream of making girl/boy friends with good inner characters and outer conditions. Second, to prevent oneself from meeting those persons with bad characters. Third, being lack of love even though they strive for doing so. Fourth, being ambiguous about feeling, to be loved and not to be hurt. Fifth, to hope to meet Mr./Miss Right. Sixth, to learn the significant others' model of feelings and marriages. Seventh, having too much frustration when pursuing romantic relationships. According to those findings and conclusions, two recommendations are proposed.