”Xiang Yu Benji” is the most popular article that is included in the book of ”Shihchi”, which has a total of 130 articles within. Among them, the three events of Xiang Yu's rising, turning point, and failure were The Battle of Julu, Hongmen Banquet, and Beleaguered in KaiXia. Although these three parts are all splendid, Hongmen Banquet is the only one to be analyzed and discussed in this paper.The three external causes of Hongmen Banquet are The informant, Tsau Wu-Shang, Fan Zengk's instigation, Xiang Bo's repaying an obligation. The two internal causes of the Hongmen Banquet are Duke of Pei's deeds and Xiang Yu's character. Thus Duke of Pei went to Hongmen offering his apology personally.The description of Hongmen Banquet contains three characteristics. The first one is its writing skill. Sima Qian applied the description technique of ”reality with virtuality”. Secondly, the developing contents involved perilous and intensive plots within. Thirdly, the structure related to contrastive rhetoric.