A Feminine Crevice in the Male Genre: Lady Mary Wroth's Pamphilia to Amphilanthus vs. Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophil and Stella

男性文體中之女性縫隙－論瑪莉‧洛斯之《潘菲莉亞致安菲藍瑟斯》與非立浦‧西尼之《艾斯特非與斯黛拉》

郭慧珍(Hui-Chen Kuo)

《東華人文學報》 15期 (2009/07) Pp. 263-301

https://doi.org/10.6420/DHJHS.200907.0263

摘要

本篇論文旨在於以法國女性主義（特別是伊西嘉黑之模仿觀點）研讀瑪莉‧洛斯之《潘菲莉亞致安菲藍瑟斯》與非立浦‧西尼之《艾斯特120非與斯黛拉》二本十四行詩集。大多數英國十六世紀及十七世紀的十四行詩集皆承襲佩托拉克所建立的傳統，主要描述一位男士在追求一位高貴美麗卻冷漠的仕女時所經歷的矛盾複雜的情感，也因此常被視為男性文體。作為西尼的姪女，洛斯深受西尼的影響，她的十四行詩集更被視為是西尼詩集的仿作。本文希望經由女性主義角度的解讀，證實洛斯的詩集不僅模仿更同時顛覆了此一男性文體。西尼在詩集中抹煞了女性角色的聲音及面容，洛斯的詩集尋回了女性的聲音與主體，也使我們對十六世紀及十七世紀初的十四行詩有了更深入而平衡的了解。

關鍵字

十四行詩集 ； 佩托拉克傳統 ； 性別差異 ； 男性文類 ； 仿作 ； 顛覆

並列摘要

This paper studies two sonnet sequences: Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophil and Stella and Lady Mary Wroth's Pamphilia to Amphilanthus from the French feminist perspective (especially Irigaray's idea of mimesis). Following those conventions set by Petrarch, most of the sonnet sequences in the sixteenth and the earlier seventeenth centuries focus on exploring the contradictory feelings a lover experiences when he sues a beautiful but aloof lady, and therefore, are usually regarded as a male genre. As Sidney's niece, Wroth was heavily influenced by Sidney and her sonnet sequence is seemingly a mimesis of Sidney's. Through a feminist scrutiny, this paper tries to show that Wroth's sonnet sequence is not only a repetition of this male genre but also subversion. Different from Sidney's Astrophil and Stella, which silences and effaces the beloved lady, Wroth's Pamphilia to Amphilanthus, retrieving the female voice and subjectivity, helps us have a better and balanced view of the sonnet world in the sixteenth and earlier seventeenth centuries.

並列關鍵字

sonnet sequence ； Petrarchan convention ； sexual difference ； male genre ； mimesis ； subversion

參考文獻

Bullett, Gerald (ed.)(1966).Silver Poets of the Sixteenth Century.London:Everyman's Library.

Fienberg, Nona.,Naomi J. Miller (Ed.),Gary Waller.(1991).Reading Mary Wroth: Representing Alternatives in Early Modern England.Knoxville:The Univ. of Tennessee Press.

Gilbert, Sandra M.,Susan Gubar.(1984).The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination.London:Yale UP.

Irigaray, Luce.,Margaret Whitford. (Ed.)(1991).The Irigaray Reader.Cambridge, Mass.:Basil Blackwell.

Irigaray, Luce.,Carolyn Burke. (Trans.)(1977).This Sex Which is not One.Ithaca:Cornell UP.