「軍校生學校適應量表」之發展與模式初探

本研究之主要目的在發展一份以軍事院校為情境脈絡的「軍校生學校適應量表」。研究者透過項目分析、Cronbach's、因素間的相關分析、重測信度、探索性因素分析、驗證性因素分析，以及效標關聯效度分析等統計方法來分析處理實徵資料。本研究歷時三年，進行兩次的預試與修訂，最後以2,342位軍校生為樣本，建立量表的信效度。根據驗證性因素分析結果，實徵資料尚且支持「軍校生學校適應量表」的假設模式，兩者適配尚稱良好。以軍校生活滿意度和學業成績為效標的分析結果亦證實「軍校生學校適應量表」具有不錯的效標關聯效度。初步發現「軍校生學校適應量表」共計18題，可分成「學業自我效能」、「組織承諾」、「目標承諾」、「科系認同」、「學長姐教導適應」、「同儕關係」等六個分量表。六個分量表的Cronbach's係數依序為.872、.829、.794、.677、.759、.643，總量表為.821；各分量表間隔一年之重測信度介於.273~.372之間，顯示整份量表具有不錯的內部一致性信度及穩定性。整體來說，「軍校生學校適應量表」具有良好的信效度，為一具有實用價值的評量工具。根據研究結果，研究者針對「軍校生學校適應量表」的發展、使用以及未來研究提出相關建議。

關鍵字

軍校生；組織承諾；學長姐教導適應；學校適應；學業自我效能

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to develop a Cadets' School Adjustment Inventory (CSAI). The study took three years to complete with two pretests, and 2, 342 cadets were used to establish the reliability and validity of the developed inventory. The data were analyzed by utilizing statistical methods such as item analysis, Cronbach's, factor-total correlation, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. From the result of confirmatory factor analysis, the cadets' school adjustment theoretical model and collected data had reached a good fit. The criterion-related validity of CSAI was also well constructed with two criteria: academic performance and school life satisfaction. The CSAI consists of 18 items, and can be divided into six subscales, namely academic self-efficacy, organizational commitment, goal commitment, subject commitment, adaptation to senior cadets' instruction, and peer relationship, with internal consistency Cronbach's coefficients of .872,. 829,. 794,. 677,. 759, and .643 respectively. Test-retest reliability within a year ranged from .273-.372. In general, the reliability and validity of the study were satisfactory. The application of CSAI and suggestions for future study were discussed.