納入評分者嚴苛度之幼兒姿勢動作分析

Incorporating Rater Severity on Posture Movement Analysis for the Preschooler

吳慧珉(Huey-Min Wu) ； 林巾凱(Chin-Kai Lin) ； 張淑華(Shu-Hua Chang)

《測驗學刊》 68卷4期 (2021/12) Pp. 263-285

摘要

姿勢動作對於幼兒的肢體協調、行為等有重要影響，當姿勢動作有困難時，會影響到幼兒的日常表現。姿勢動作評量項目包含趴姿伸直與臥姿彎曲，以往研究大多由一人評分，會有評分者嚴苛度之問題，因此本研究採用試題反應理論的多層面Rasch模式分析姿勢動作評量項目，將施測項目的難度、評分者的嚴苛度納入考量分析，期許更能客觀了解姿勢動作的品質評估。研究樣本是4至6歲的正常兒童共643位，由兩位專家完成姿勢動作趴姿伸直與臥姿彎曲的評分分數。在信度部分，兩位評分者間的評分呈現中高度相關（.50～.92之間），顯示兩位評分者的評分具有一致性，而評分者的評分也能保持相當的穩定性，內部一致性大於.700。在考慮評分者嚴苛度時，趴姿伸直與臥姿彎曲的各評分項目皆與Rasch模式適配，效度良好。兩位評分者在趴姿伸直與臥姿彎曲的穩定度和協同度評分嚴苛度之差異較大。在性別部分，受試者中女生的趴姿伸直和臥姿彎曲能力比男生來得好。在年齡部分，臥姿彎曲的兒童，6歲比5歲表現好，5歲又比4歲表現好；而趴姿伸直則沒有差異。本研究提出之評分準則可以做為姿勢動作評分指標之參考。

關鍵字

多層面Rasch模式 ； 姿勢動作 ； 感覺統合 ； 試題反應理論 ； 嚴苛度

並列摘要

Posture movement has an important impact on children's physical coordination and behavior. When posture movement is difficult, it will affect the daily performance of children. Posture movement contains the following two actions: prone extension and supine flexion. Most of the previous studies were scored by one rater. This research analyzed the computerized postural movement assessment by using the item response theory of the Rasch model with the severity of two raters. There are 643 normal kindergarten children age from 4 to 6 years old from the central counties. The two experts rate the scores of the prone extension and supine flexion individually. The scores between the two raters showed a medium to high correlation (between .50 and .92). The values of inter-rater reliability are greater than .700. The results showed good consistency in both inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability. While incorporating the severity of two raters into the Rasch model, the good model fit between the data and the model in items of the prone extension and supine flexion indicates good validity. There is a difference in the severity of two raters in stable and coordination of the prone extension and supine flexion. In gender difference, the performance of the girls in both prone extension and supine flexion performs better than that of the boys. In year difference, there is no difference in prone extension, and in supine flexion, 6 years old perform better than 5 years old, and 5 years old perform better than 4 years old. The scoring criteria proposed in this study can be used as a reference for scoring indicators of posture movement.

並列關鍵字

item response theory ； MFRM ； posture movement ； rater severity ； sensory integration

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