近代作家與日記文學－從「紫式部日記」「更級日記」到芥川「六之宮公主」－

「六之宮公主」可謂是芥川龍之介王朝系列作品的最終力作。眾所周知，本作品主要原典出處是『今昔物語集』卷十九「六宮姬君夫出家語」（描述六之宮公主夫君出家情形），文界認為「芥川龍之介不過是巧妙地加以編寫」，批評聲浪甚高。本作品之所以被批評為「可讀之處，僅在重編之筆墨功力」，是因為文章中沒有明確描寫公主心理層面。文章將公主設定為難以理解的人物也是原因之一。儘管認為讀出文章「心理層面」，要由讀者自行判讀，但細讀之後可以發現，作者在「六之宮公主」當中，有著筆到『今昔物語集』中未描寫的部分，因此可讀出作者試圖讓讀者想像公主內心。例如，雖然「六之宮公主」在文脈上，的確採用「六宮姬君夫出家語」，但還結合了『今昔物語集』卷二十六「東下者宿人家值產」（描述前往東國之旅人，借宿某人家時正逢嬰孩生產情形），增添文章幅度。思考文章新增篇幅的原典出處，也許能夠拓展新角度的閱讀。解讀芥川引用古典文學的著作後，可以發現本作品並非只單純重新編寫該篇古典說話，而是作者透過描述六之宮公主這個主角人物，告訴讀者主角，以及芥川自身那種「他人無法理解的『天性上的孤獨』」。本論將針對「六之宮公主」當中描述，但『今昔物語集』當中未曾出現的「水鳥飛入池中聲」為端緒，透過探討公主心理層面，思考這位集「中日古典文學之大成」的芥川龍之介，到底從日記文學中探得了什麼訊息。並且想藉此指出「日記文學」實為芥川等作家群的「準則典範」。

關鍵字

「六之宮公主」；「水鳥飛入池中聲」；「中日古典文學之大成」；「日記文學」；「準則典範」

並列摘要

”Rokunomiya-no-himegimi” was considered as the last work of series of ”Ocho-mono(王朝物)” written by Akutagawa. The original source of this novel is the episode ”Rokunomiya-no-Himegimi'husband, why he did become a monk”, ”Konjyaku-monogatari-syu” Vol.19. Most of the critics think that Akutagawa only skillfully rewrote the story. The main criticism is ”the only readable part is his rewriting skill”, the main reason is author did not actually describe the Princess' psychological aspect. Another reason is the Princess is set as a character hard to be understood.We can say that the reader should figure out the psychological aspect of the novel by themselves. After reading it carefully, we can find out that the author did use the materials that ”Konjyaku-monogatari-syu” didn't mention. The author did try to let readers to image the Princess' psychological part. For example, the main structure of this novel based on the episode ”Rokunomiya-no-Himegimi'husband, why he did become a monk”. But author used another episode in ”Konjyaku-monogatari-syu” Vol. 26, which described a man traveled to the East witnessed the child birth while staying in one house, to increase readability of the novel. Considering about the source of the stories, the readers can have new aspect on reading it. When the readers understand how Akutagawa used the classics to be his materials of writing, readers can understand that this work is not just simply rewritten. Through the main character of ”Rokunomiya-no-himegimi”, the author tried to express the character's and the author's ”natural loneliness” which can't be understood by other people.This paper starts on the discussion of ”sound of waterfowl landing on pond” which did not appear in the ”Rokunomiya-no-himegimi”. Through discussing the Princess' psychological aspect, I further discussed the message Akutagawa, who achieved in successfully using Chinese and Japanese classics, found out in Nikki-bungaku. The Nikki-bungaku really is the canon of the Akutagawa.