泉鏡花文学における「共生」のあり方
―「高野聖」、「夜叉ヶ池」、「天守物語」を中心にして―

泉鏡花(1873-1939)，明治至大正時期的小說家。師事於尾崎紅葉，作品多半富含神秘的浪漫色彩，其女性形象受研究者所矚目。二十世紀初期，自然主義盛行，鏡花雖然在文學的領域上遭到挫折，但其風格還是對後來的作家造成諸多影響。本論文將探討泉鏡花文學中之「共生」形象，以其小說「高野聖」及兩部戲曲「夜叉之池」、「天守物語」共三部作品為中心進行分析與考察。首先在序論中說明本論文的研究動機，接著進行三部作品的先行研究及結合目前為止的論點中所提及之作品中人界與異界的接觸和結合進而找出新論點「共生」的可能性。第一章至第三章中，將對泉鏡花的作品:「高野聖」、「夜叉之池」、「天守物語」當中的「共生」進行考察。第一章探討「高野聖」中「自然」及「超自然」的定義，並從作品的文學構造中找出關於「共生」的線索。從文本內容中可以看出人類與自然之間的矛盾和衝突。第二章探討「夜叉之池」作品中人類與異類之間的關係，以人類和龍神之間的誓言為首，故事最終龍神對失去對大自然的信仰的村民們所降下的懲罰。藉由人類與龍神之間的衝突進一步探討「夜叉之池」中人類與龍神之間的「共生」。第三章則以「天守物語」中人類與妖怪之間的愛情作為問題意識。透過作品中登場人物及場面之分析和作品的故事性，至最後白鷺城天守閣上的妖怪公主富姬和男主角圖書之助之間愛情的始末中所能窺視到的異種族間的「共生」進行考察。從故事中妖怪與人類的衝突至最後的結合驗證出作品中「共生」的可能性。結論部分將綜合上述各章節之作品考察對泉鏡花文學中的「共生」進行總結。藉由本次研究找尋出泉鏡花文學研究中的新論點－「共生」。

關鍵字

泉鏡花；人類與異類；龍神；妖怪；自然；共生

並列摘要

Izumi Kyoka(1873-1939), a novelist from the Meiji period to the Taisho period. Most of his works are rich in mysterious romantic colors, and his female image is noticed by researchers. In the early 20th century, naturalism prevailed. But his style still had many influences on later writers. This thesis will explore the "symbiosis image" in Izumi Kyoka’s literature, and analyze and investigate the three works of his novel "Kōya Hijiri" and two dramas "Yasyagaike" and "Tensyumonogatari". First, explain the research motive of this thesis in the preface, and then carry out the prior research of the three works and combine the contact and combination of the human and the outer world in the works mentioned in the contention so far to find out the new contention of "symbiosis". In the first chapter to the third chapter, will examine the work of Izumi Kyoka: "The symbiosis" in "Kōya Hijiri", "Yasyagaike" and "Tensyumonogatari". The first chapter explores the definitions of "natural" and "supernatural" in "Kōya Hijiri" and finds clues about "symbiosis" from the literary structure of the work. From the text content, we can see the contradiction and conflict between human and nature. The second chapter explores the relationship between human and aliens in the works of "Yasyagaike", headed by the oath between humans and dragon god, and the story of the final dragon god's punishment for the villagers who lost faith in nature. Through the conflict between human beings and the dragon god, and will explore the "symbiosis" between human beings and the dragon god in the "Yasyagaike". The third chapter is about the love between human and ayakashi in "Tensyumonogatari". Through the analysis of the characters and scenes in the works and the storytelling of the works, the inter-ethnic "symbiosis" that can be seen in the end of love between the ayakashi Princess Tomihime and Zushonosuke in the Castle Shirasagi Inspection. From the conflict between the ayakashi and the human being in the story to the final combination, the possibility of "symbiosis" in the work is verified. The conclusion part will summarize the works of the above chapters to summarize the "symbiosis" in Izumi Kyoka’s literature. Through this research, can have found a new contention in the research of Izumi Kyoka literature-"symbiosis".