懷孕婦女孕期運動習慣及影響因素探討

Pregnant Woman's Exercise Habits and Related Factors

許貞媛(Chen-Yuan Hsu) ； 郭碧照(Pi-Chao Kou)

《中山醫學雜誌》 17卷2期 (2006/12) Pp. 187-199

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.200612.0004

摘要

本文研究主要目的為了解孕婦之運動習慣，並探討影響懷孕婦女運動行為之相關因素。本研究採橫斷式調查研究法，樣本取自中部某醫學中心婦產科門診之孕婦。以回溯法自填式問卷方式共計取樣136名懷單胞胎，無妊娠合併症且預期自然生產及妊娠週數大於或等於25週以上及產後1個月內之婦女。測量工具為自行擬定的孕婦人口學資料、運動習慣調查表及運動支持滿意度評分量表。研究結果發現懷孕婦女，即懷孕前有運動習慣者83名(61.0%)第一孕期84名(61.8%)第二孕期100名(73.5%)及第三孕期97名(71.3%)，可見第二、三孕期有運動者呈現增加趨勢。運動頻率以每週達三天以上運動，運動持續時間在30分以下，採用散步、爬樓梯及柔軟操為孕期主要的身體活動項目，並且發現隨著孕期的遞增，孕婦之運動頻率和從事有氧運動的比例從1/4至1/3，省具有增加的趨勢。孕婦之「年齡」及「胎次」，以及「社會、環境、及時間支持因素」在孕期的運動習慣具有統計顯著差異性，孕婦年紀愈大運動習慣遞減，初產婦比經產婦具有運動習慣，運動支持滿意度愈高者較具有運動習慣。希望藉由本研究結果了解孕婦運動之現況，以作為臨床護理人員設計相關孕期運動計劃之參考，包含考慮孕婦個人因素、社會、環境、及時間支持進而提升孕婦的運動，並促進身心健康。

關鍵字

懷孕婦女 ； 運動 ； 影響因素

並列摘要

This study investigates factors related to exercise in pregnant women. Using a cross- sectional correlative investigation approach, we sampled 136 pregnant women who had a single fetus, who had no consolidate diseases, and who chose to deliver their babies naturally. The participants were recruited when they were at least 25 weeks pregnant or one month after delivery. Eighty-three of the participants (61.0%) had been exercising before their first pregnancy, 84 women (61.8%) during their first pregnancy;100 women (73.5%) during their second pregnancy and 97 women (71.3%) during their third pregnancy. The number of pregnant women having exercise habits increased in the second and the third pregnancy period. They exercised more than three days a week for an average of 30 minutes. Most exercise regimes were walking, climbing stairs and calisthenics. The ratio of those who exercised increased from 1/4 to 1/3 when pregnant. The exercise habits of expecting mothers differed by age, experience with pregnancy and preference for exercise. The older they were, the less they exercised. Primipara women did more exercise than multipara women. In addition, those who got more support did more exercise. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for help clinical nurses interested in designing exercise schedules for pregnant women. It can help them take into consideration personal factors, society, environment and time support factors.

並列關鍵字

pregnant women ； exercise ； related factors