老年族群之憂鬱程度、社會支持程度與醫療服務使用之相關性

Depression, Social Support, and Medical Services Utilization of the Elderly in Taiwan

凌千惠(Chian-Huei Ling) ； 傅光翊(Kung-Yi Fu) ； 黃荷瑄(Ho-Hsuan Huang) ； 姚慧萍(Hui-Ping Yao) ； 林宜慧(Yi-Hui Lin) ； 葉志嶸(Chih-Jung Yeh)

《中山醫學雜誌》 18卷2期 (2007/12) Pp. 201-215

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.200712.0005

摘要

六十五歲以上老年人口為醫療資源之主要使用者，其醫療服務使用之增加，除了生理機能之影響外，是否心理層面亦會造成影響，值得探討。本研究主要以憂鬱狀況及社會支持兩個層面來探討。
本研究以國民健康局「台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查（1999年）」資料庫來進行分析。以複迴歸模式探討六十五歲以上老年人口之憂鬱程度、社會支持與生理機能等變項，與西醫門診及住院頻率之相關性。
研究結果發現愈憂鬱者，使用西醫門診與住院的頻率愈高：西醫住院次數愈多者，有愈多情緒上的社會支持；工具性的社會支持則未出現類似相關性。其他人口變項如：獨居狀況、疾病狀況、日常生理機能表現（即ADL: Activity of Daily Living及IADL: Instrumental Activity of Daily Living）均與西醫住院次數有顯著相關。

關鍵字

醫療服務使用 ； 憂鬱 ； 社會支持 ； 日常生理機能 ； 老人

並列摘要

People over the age of 65 are the main users of medical services mainly because of the degradation that occurs in their physical function. Nevertheless, the present study explores the relationships of depression, social support and hospitalization in the elderly.
Data from 1999 Survey of Health and Living Status of the Middle-aged and Elderly in Taiwan were analyzed (Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health, Taiwan). We applied multiple regression to study the relationships among depression, social support, physical function, and frequencies of doctor-visiting and hospitalization.
We found that elderly people who were depressed had more visits to doctors and hospital admittances. People with more frequent hospitalization have more emotional social support, but not instrumental social support. The number of hospitalizations were significantly related to some demographic variables such as living status, illness condition, activity of daily living, and instrumental activity of daily living.

並列關鍵字

medical services utilization ； depression ； social support ； activity of daily living ； elderly